#!/usr/bin/env perl
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
# (c) 2008, Steven Rostedt <[email protected]>
#
# recordmcount.pl - makes a section called __mcount_loc that holds
# all the offsets to the calls to mcount.
#
#
# What we want to end up with this is that each object file will have a
# section called __mcount_loc that will hold the list of pointers to mcount
# callers. After final linking, the vmlinux will have within .init.data the
# list of all callers to mcount between __start_mcount_loc and __stop_mcount_loc.
# Later on boot up, the kernel will read this list, save the locations and turn
# them into nops. When tracing or profiling is later enabled, these locations
# will then be converted back to pointers to some function.
#
# This is no easy feat. This script is called just after the original
# object is compiled and before it is linked.
#
# When parse this object file using 'objdump', the references to the call
# sites are offsets from the section that the call site is in. Hence, all
# functions in a section that has a call site to mcount, will have the
# offset from the beginning of the section and not the beginning of the
# function.
#
# But where this section will reside finally in vmlinx is undetermined at
# this point. So we can't use this kind of offsets to record the final
# address of this call site.
#
# The trick is to change the call offset referring the start of a section to
# referring a function symbol in this section. During the link step, 'ld' will
# compute the final address according to the information we record.
#
# e.g.
#
# .section ".sched.text", "ax"
# [...]
# func1:
# [...]
# call mcount (offset: 0x10)
# [...]
# ret
# .globl fun2
# func2: (offset: 0x20)
# [...]
# [...]
# ret
# func3:
# [...]
# call mcount (offset: 0x30)
# [...]
#
# Both relocation offsets for the mcounts in the above example will be
# offset from .sched.text. If we choose global symbol func2 as a reference and
# make another file called tmp.s with the new offsets:
#
# .section __mcount_loc
# .quad func2 - 0x10
# .quad func2 + 0x10
#
# We can then compile this tmp.s into tmp.o, and link it back to the original
# object.
#
# In our algorithm, we will choose the first global function we meet in this
# section as the reference. But this gets hard if there is no global functions
# in this section. In such a case we have to select a local one. E.g. func1:
#
# .section ".sched.text", "ax"
# func1:
# [...]
# call mcount (offset: 0x10)
# [...]
# ret
# func2:
# [...]
# call mcount (offset: 0x20)
# [...]
# .section "other.section"
#
# If we make the tmp.s the same as above, when we link together with
# the original object, we will end up with two symbols for func1:
# one local, one global. After final compile, we will end up with
# an undefined reference to func1 or a wrong reference to another global
# func1 in other files.
#
# Since local objects can reference local variables, we need to find
# a way to make tmp.o reference the local objects of the original object
# file after it is linked together. To do this, we convert func1
# into a global symbol before linking tmp.o. Then after we link tmp.o
# we will only have a single symbol for func1 that is global.
# We can convert func1 back into a local symbol and we are done.
#
# Here are the steps we take:
#
# 1) Record all the local and weak symbols by using 'nm'
# 2) Use objdump to find all the call site offsets and sections for
# mcount.
# 3) Compile the list into its own object.
# 4) Do we have to deal with local functions? If not, go to step 8.
# 5) Make an object that converts these local functions to global symbols
# with objcopy.
# 6) Link together this new object with the list object.
# 7) Convert the local functions back to local symbols and rename
# the result as the original object.
# 8) Link the object with the list object.
# 9) Move the result back to the original object.
#
use warnings;
use strict;
my $P = $0;
$P =~ s@.*/@@g;
my $V = '0.1';
if ($#ARGV != 11) {
print "usage: $P arch endian bits objdump objcopy cc ld nm rm mv is_module inputfile\n";
print "version: $V\n";
exit(1);
}
my ($arch, $endian, $bits, $objdump, $objcopy, $cc,
$ld, $nm, $rm, $mv, $is_module, $inputfile) = @ARGV;
# This file refers to mcount and shouldn't be ftraced, so lets' ignore it
if ($inputfile =~ m,kernel/trace/ftrace\.o$,) {
exit(0);
}
# Acceptable sections to record.
my %text_sections = (
".text" => 1,
".init.text" => 1,
".ref.text" => 1,
".sched.text" => 1,
".spinlock.text" => 1,
".irqentry.text" => 1,
".softirqentry.text" => 1,
".kprobes.text" => 1,
".cpuidle.text" => 1,
".text.unlikely" => 1,
);
# Acceptable section-prefixes to record.
my %text_section_prefixes = (
".text." => 1,
);
# Note: we are nice to C-programmers here, thus we skip the '||='-idiom.
$objdump = 'objdump' if (!$objdump);
$objcopy = 'objcopy' if (!$objcopy);
$cc = 'gcc' if (!$cc);
$ld = 'ld' if (!$ld);
$nm = 'nm' if (!$nm);
$rm = 'rm' if (!$rm);
$mv = 'mv' if (!$mv);
#print STDERR "running: $P '$arch' '$objdump' '$objcopy' '$cc' '$ld' " .
# "'$nm' '$rm' '$mv' '$inputfile'\n";
my %locals; # List of local (static) functions
my %weak; # List of weak functions
my %convert; # List of local functions used that needs conversion
my $type;
my $local_regex; # Match a local function (return function)
my $weak_regex; # Match a weak function (return function)
my $section_regex; # Find the start of a section
my $function_regex; # Find the name of a function
# (return offset and func name)
my $mcount_regex; # Find the call site to mcount (return offset)
my $mcount_adjust; # Address adjustment to mcount offset
my $alignment; # The .align value to use for $mcount_section
my $section_type; # Section header plus possible alignment command
if ($arch =~ /(x86(_64)?)|(i386)/) {
if ($bits == 64) {
$arch = "x86_64";
} else {
$arch = "i386";
}
}
#
# We base the defaults off of i386, the other archs may
# feel free to change them in the below if statements.
#
$local_regex = "^[0-9a-fA-F]+\\s+t\\s+(\\S+)";
$weak_regex = "^[0-9a-fA-F]+\\s+([wW])\\s+(\\S+)";
$section_regex = "Disassembly of section\\s+(\\S+):";
$function_regex = "^([0-9a-fA-F]+)\\s+<([^^]*?)>:";
$mcount_regex = "^\\s*([0-9a-fA-F]+):.*\\s(mcount|__fentry__)\$";
$section_type = '@progbits';
$mcount_adjust = 0;
$type = ".long";
if ($arch eq "x86_64") {
$mcount_regex = "^\\s*([0-9a-fA-F]+):.*\\s(mcount|__fentry__)([+-]0x[0-9a-zA-Z]+)?\$";
$type = ".quad";
$alignment = 8;
$mcount_adjust = -1;
# force flags for this arch
$ld .= " -m elf_x86_64";
$objdump .= " -M x86-64";
$objcopy .= " -O elf64-x86-64";
$cc .= " -m64";
} elsif ($arch eq "i386") {
$alignment = 4;
$mcount_adjust = -1;
# force flags for this arch
$ld .= " -m elf_i386";
$objdump .= " -M i386";
$objcopy .= " -O elf32-i386";
$cc .= " -m32";
} elsif ($arch eq "s390" && $bits == 64) {
if ($cc =~ /-DCC_USING_HOTPATCH/) {
$mcount_regex = "^\\s*([0-9a-fA-F]+):\\s*c0 04 00 00 00 00\\s*(brcl\\s*0,|jgnop\\s*)[0-9a-f]+ <([^\+]*)>\$";
$mcount_adjust = 0;
}
$alignment = 8;
$type = ".quad";
$ld .= " -m elf64_s390";
$cc .= " -m64";
} elsif ($arch eq "sh") {
$alignment = 2;
# force flags for this arch
$ld .= " -m shlelf_linux";
if ($endian eq "big") {
$objcopy .= " -O elf32-shbig-linux";
} else {
$objcopy .= " -O elf32-sh-linux";
}
} elsif ($arch eq "powerpc") {
my $ldemulation;
$local_regex = "^[0-9a-fA-F]+\\s+t\\s+(\\.?\\S+)";
# See comment in the sparc64 section for why we use '\w'.
$function_regex = "^([0-9a-fA-F]+)\\s+<(\\.?\\w*?)>:";
$mcount_regex = "^\\s*([0-9a-fA-F]+):.*\\s\\.?_mcount\$";
if ($endian eq "big") {
$cc .= " -mbig-endian ";
$ld .= " -EB ";
$ldemulation = "ppc"
} else {
$cc .= " -mlittle-endian ";
$ld .= " -EL ";
$ldemulation = "lppc"
}
if ($bits == 64) {
$type = ".quad";
$cc .= " -m64 ";
$ld .= " -m elf64".$ldemulation." ";
} else {
$cc .= " -m32 ";
$ld .= " -m elf32".$ldemulation." ";
}
} elsif ($arch eq "arm") {
$alignment = 2;
$section_type = '%progbits';
$mcount_regex = "^\\s*([0-9a-fA-F]+):\\s*R_ARM_(CALL|PC24|THM_CALL)" .
"\\s+(__gnu_mcount_nc|mcount)\$";
} elsif ($arch eq "arm64") {
$alignment = 3;
$section_type = '%progbits';
$mcount_regex = "^\\s*([0-9a-fA-F]+):\\s*R_AARCH64_CALL26\\s+_mcount\$";
$type = ".quad";
} elsif ($arch eq "sparc64") {
# In the objdump output there are giblets like:
# 0000000000000000 <igmp_net_exit-0x18>:
# As there's some data blobs that get emitted into the
# text section before the first instructions and the first
# real symbols. We don't want to match that, so to combat
# this we use '\w' so we'll match just plain symbol names,
# and not those that also include hex offsets inside of the
# '<>' brackets. Actually the generic function_regex setting
# could safely use this too.
$function_regex = "^([0-9a-fA-F]+)\\s+<(\\w*?)>:";
# Sparc64 calls '_mcount' instead of plain 'mcount'.
$mcount_regex = "^\\s*([0-9a-fA-F]+):.*\\s_mcount\$";
$alignment = 8;
$type = ".xword";
$ld .= " -m elf64_sparc";
$cc .= " -m64";
$objcopy .= " -O elf64-sparc";
} elsif ($arch eq "mips") {
# To enable module support, we need to enable the -mlong-calls option
# of gcc for module, after using this option, we can not get the real
# offset of the calling to _mcount, but the offset of the lui
# instruction or the addiu one. herein, we record the address of the
# first one, and then we can replace this instruction by a branch
# instruction to jump over the profiling function to filter the
# indicated functions, or switch back to the lui instruction to trace
# them, which means dynamic tracing.
#
# c: 3c030000 lui v1,0x0
# c: R_MIPS_HI16 _mcount
# c: R_MIPS_NONE *ABS*
# c: R_MIPS_NONE *ABS*
# 10: 64630000 daddiu v1,v1,0
# 10: R_MIPS_LO16 _mcount
# 10: R_MIPS_NONE *ABS*
# 10: R_MIPS_NONE *ABS*
# 14: 03e0082d move at,ra
# 18: 0060f809 jalr v1
#
# for the kernel:
#
# 10: 03e0082d move at,ra
# 14: 0c000000 jal 0 <loongson_halt>
# 14: R_MIPS_26 _mcount
# 14: R_MIPS_NONE *ABS*
# 14: R_MIPS_NONE *ABS*
# 18: 00020021 nop
if ($is_module eq "0") {
$mcount_regex = "^\\s*([0-9a-fA-F]+): R_MIPS_26\\s+_mcount\$";
} else {
$mcount_regex = "^\\s*([0-9a-fA-F]+): R_MIPS_HI16\\s+_mcount\$";
}
$objdump .= " -Melf-trad".$endian."mips ";
if ($endian eq "big") {
$endian = " -EB ";
$ld .= " -melf".$bits."btsmip";
} else {
$endian = " -EL ";
$ld .= " -melf".$bits."ltsmip";
}
$cc .= " -mno-abicalls -fno-pic -mabi=" . $bits . $endian;
$ld .= $endian;
if ($bits == 64) {
$function_regex =
"^([0-9a-fA-F]+)\\s+<(.|[^\$]L.*?|\$[^L].*?|[^\$][^L].*?)>:";
$type = ".dword";
}
} elsif ($arch eq "microblaze") {
# Microblaze calls '_mcount' instead of plain 'mcount'.
$mcount_regex = "^\\s*([0-9a-fA-F]+):.*\\s_mcount\$";
} elsif ($arch eq "riscv") {
$function_regex = "^([0-9a-fA-F]+)\\s+<([^.0-9][0-9a-zA-Z_\\.]+)>:";
$mcount_regex = "^\\s*([0-9a-fA-F]+):\\sR_RISCV_CALL(_PLT)?\\s_mcount\$";
$type = ".quad";
$alignment = 2;
} elsif ($arch eq "csky") {
$mcount_regex = "^\\s*([0-9a-fA-F]+):\\s*R_CKCORE_PCREL_JSR_IMM26BY2\\s+_mcount\$";
$alignment = 2;
} else {
die "Arch $arch is not supported with CONFIG_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD";
}
my $text_found = 0;
my $read_function = 0;
my $opened = 0;
my $mcount_section = "__mcount_loc";
my $dirname;
my $filename;
my $prefix;
my $ext;
if ($inputfile =~ m,^(.*)/([^/]*)$,) {
$dirname = $1;
$filename = $2;
} else {
$dirname = ".";
$filename = $inputfile;
}
if ($filename =~ m,^(.*)(\.\S),) {
$prefix = $1;
$ext = $2;
} else {
$prefix = $filename;
$ext = "";
}
my $mcount_s = $dirname . "/.tmp_mc_" . $prefix . ".s";
my $mcount_o = $dirname . "/.tmp_mc_" . $prefix . ".o";
#
# Step 1: find all the local (static functions) and weak symbols.
# 't' is local, 'w/W' is weak
#
open (IN, "$nm $inputfile|") || die "error running $nm";
while (<IN>) {
if (/$local_regex/) {
$locals{$1} = 1;
} elsif (/$weak_regex/) {
$weak{$2} = $1;
}
}
close(IN);
my @offsets; # Array of offsets of mcount callers
my $ref_func; # reference function to use for offsets
my $offset = 0; # offset of ref_func to section beginning
##
# update_funcs - print out the current mcount callers
#
# Go through the list of offsets to callers and write them to
# the output file in a format that can be read by an assembler.
#
sub update_funcs
{
return unless ($ref_func and @offsets);
# Sanity check on weak function. A weak function may be overwritten by
# another function of the same name, making all these offsets incorrect.
if (defined $weak{$ref_func}) {
die "$inputfile: ERROR: referencing weak function" .
" $ref_func for mcount\n";
}
# is this function static? If so, note this fact.
if (defined $locals{$ref_func}) {
$convert{$ref_func} = 1;
}
# Loop through all the mcount caller offsets and print a reference
# to the caller based from the ref_func.
if (!$opened) {
open(FILE, ">$mcount_s") || die "can't create $mcount_s\n";
$opened = 1;
print FILE "\t.section $mcount_section,\"a\",$section_type\n";
print FILE "\t.align $alignment\n" if (defined($alignment));
}
foreach my $cur_offset (@offsets) {
printf FILE "\t%s %s + %d\n", $type, $ref_func, $cur_offset - $offset;
}
}
#
# Step 2: find the sections and mcount call sites
#
open(IN, "LC_ALL=C $objdump -hdr $inputfile|") || die "error running $objdump";
my $text;
# read headers first
my $read_headers = 1;
while (<IN>) {
if ($read_headers && /$mcount_section/) {
#
# Somehow the make process can execute this script on an
# object twice. If it does, we would duplicate the mcount
# section and it will cause the function tracer self test
# to fail. Check if the mcount section exists, and if it does,
# warn and exit.
#
print STDERR "ERROR: $mcount_section already in $inputfile\n" .
"\tThis may be an indication that your build is corrupted.\n" .
"\tDelete $inputfile and try again. If the same object file\n" .
"\tstill causes an issue, then disable CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE.\n";
exit(-1);
}
# is it a section?
if (/$section_regex/) {
$read_headers = 0;
# Only record text sections that we know are safe
$read_function = defined($text_sections{$1});
if (!$read_function) {
foreach my $prefix (keys %text_section_prefixes) {
if (substr($1, 0, length $prefix) eq $prefix) {
$read_function = 1;
last;
}
}
}
# print out any recorded offsets
update_funcs();
# reset all markers and arrays
$text_found = 0;
undef($ref_func);
undef(@offsets);
# section found, now is this a start of a function?
} elsif ($read_function && /$function_regex/) {
$text_found = 1;
$text = $2;
# if this is either a local function or a weak function
# keep looking for functions that are global that
# we can use safely.
if (!defined($locals{$text}) && !defined($weak{$text})) {
$ref_func = $text;
$read_function = 0;
$offset = hex $1;
} else {
# if we already have a function, and this is weak, skip it
if (!defined($ref_func) && !defined($weak{$text}) &&
# PPC64 can have symbols that start with .L and
# gcc considers these special. Don't use them!
$text !~ /^\.L/) {
$ref_func = $text;
$offset = hex $1;
}
}
}
# is this a call site to mcount? If so, record it to print later
if ($text_found && /$mcount_regex/) {
push(@offsets, (hex $1) + $mcount_adjust);
}
}
# dump out anymore offsets that may have been found
update_funcs();
# If we did not find any mcount callers, we are done (do nothing).
if (!$opened) {
exit(0);
}
close(FILE);
#
# Step 3: Compile the file that holds the list of call sites to mcount.
#
`$cc -o $mcount_o -c $mcount_s`;
my @converts = keys %convert;
#
# Step 4: Do we have sections that started with local functions?
#
if ($#converts >= 0) {
my $globallist = "";
my $locallist = "";
foreach my $con (@converts) {
$globallist .= " --globalize-symbol $con";
$locallist .= " --localize-symbol $con";
}
my $globalobj = $dirname . "/.tmp_gl_" . $filename;
my $globalmix = $dirname . "/.tmp_mx_" . $filename;
#
# Step 5: set up each local function as a global
#
`$objcopy $globallist $inputfile $globalobj`;
#
# Step 6: Link the global version to our list.
#
`$ld -r $globalobj $mcount_o -o $globalmix`;
#
# Step 7: Convert the local functions back into local symbols
#
`$objcopy $locallist $globalmix $inputfile`;
# Remove the temp files
`$rm $globalobj $globalmix`;
} else {
my $mix = $dirname . "/.tmp_mx_" . $filename;
#
# Step 8: Link the object with our list of call sites object.
#
`$ld -r $inputfile $mcount_o -o $mix`;
#
# Step 9: Move the result back to the original object.
#
`$mv $mix $inputfile`;
}
# Clean up the temp files
`$rm $mcount_o $mcount_s`;
exit(0);
# vim: softtabstop=4
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