// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later /* * Driver for ESS Maestro 1/2/2E Sound Card (started 21.8.99) * Copyright (c) by Matze Braun <[email protected]>. * Takashi Iwai <[email protected]> * * Most of the driver code comes from Zach Brown([email protected]) * Alan Cox OSS Driver * Rewritted from card-es1938.c source. * * TODO: * Perhaps Synth * * Notes from Zach Brown about the driver code * * Hardware Description * * A working Maestro setup contains the Maestro chip wired to a * codec or 2. In the Maestro we have the APUs, the ASSP, and the * Wavecache. The APUs can be though of as virtual audio routing * channels. They can take data from a number of sources and perform * basic encodings of the data. The wavecache is a storehouse for * PCM data. Typically it deals with PCI and interracts with the * APUs. The ASSP is a wacky DSP like device that ESS is loth * to release docs on. Thankfully it isn't required on the Maestro * until you start doing insane things like FM emulation and surround * encoding. The codecs are almost always AC-97 compliant codecs, * but it appears that early Maestros may have had PT101 (an ESS * part?) wired to them. The only real difference in the Maestro * families is external goop like docking capability, memory for * the ASSP, and initialization differences. * * Driver Operation * * We only drive the APU/Wavecache as typical DACs and drive the * mixers in the codecs. There are 64 APUs. We assign 6 to each * /dev/dsp? device. 2 channels for output, and 4 channels for * input. * * Each APU can do a number of things, but we only really use * 3 basic functions. For playback we use them to convert PCM * data fetched over PCI by the wavecahche into analog data that * is handed to the codec. One APU for mono, and a pair for stereo. * When in stereo, the combination of smarts in the APU and Wavecache * decide which wavecache gets the left or right channel. * * For record we still use the old overly mono system. For each in * coming channel the data comes in from the codec, through a 'input' * APU, through another rate converter APU, and then into memory via * the wavecache and PCI. If its stereo, we mash it back into LRLR in * software. The pass between the 2 APUs is supposedly what requires us * to have a 512 byte buffer sitting around in wavecache/memory. * * The wavecache makes our life even more fun. First off, it can * only address the first 28 bits of PCI address space, making it * useless on quite a few architectures. Secondly, its insane. * It claims to fetch from 4 regions of PCI space, each 4 meg in length. * But that doesn't really work. You can only use 1 region. So all our * allocations have to be in 4meg of each other. Booo. Hiss. * So we have a module parameter, dsps_order, that is the order of * the number of dsps to provide. All their buffer space is allocated * on open time. The sonicvibes OSS routines we inherited really want * power of 2 buffers, so we have all those next to each other, then * 512 byte regions for the recording wavecaches. This ends up * wasting quite a bit of memory. The only fixes I can see would be * getting a kernel allocator that could work in zones, or figuring out * just how to coerce the WP into doing what we want. * * The indirection of the various registers means we have to spinlock * nearly all register accesses. We have the main register indirection * like the wave cache, maestro registers, etc. Then we have beasts * like the APU interface that is indirect registers gotten at through * the main maestro indirection. Ouch. We spinlock around the actual * ports on a per card basis. This means spinlock activity at each IO * operation, but the only IO operation clusters are in non critical * paths and it makes the code far easier to follow. Interrupts are * blocked while holding the locks because the int handler has to * get at some of them :(. The mixer interface doesn't, however. * We also have an OSS state lock that is thrown around in a few * places. */ #include <linux/io.h> #include <linux/delay.h> #include <linux/interrupt.h> #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/pci.h> #include <linux/dma-mapping.h> #include <linux/slab.h> #include <linux/gameport.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/mutex.h> #include <linux/input.h> #include <sound/core.h> #include <sound/pcm.h> #include <sound/mpu401.h> #include <sound/ac97_codec.h> #include <sound/initval.h> #ifdef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_RADIO #include <media/drv-intf/tea575x.h> #endif #define CARD_NAME … #define DRIVER_NAME … MODULE_DESCRIPTION(…) …; MODULE_LICENSE(…) …; #if IS_REACHABLE(CONFIG_GAMEPORT) #define SUPPORT_JOYSTICK … #endif static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = …; /* Index 1-MAX */ static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = …; /* ID for this card */ static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = …; /* Enable this card */ static int total_bufsize[SNDRV_CARDS] = …; static int pcm_substreams_p[SNDRV_CARDS] = …; static int pcm_substreams_c[SNDRV_CARDS] = …; static int clock[SNDRV_CARDS]; static int use_pm[SNDRV_CARDS] = …; static int enable_mpu[SNDRV_CARDS] = …; #ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK static bool joystick[SNDRV_CARDS]; #endif static int radio_nr[SNDRV_CARDS] = …; module_param_array(…); MODULE_PARM_DESC(…) …; module_param_array(…); MODULE_PARM_DESC(…) …; module_param_array(…); MODULE_PARM_DESC(…) …; module_param_array(…); MODULE_PARM_DESC(…) …; module_param_array(…); MODULE_PARM_DESC(…) …; module_param_array(…); MODULE_PARM_DESC(…) …; module_param_array(…); MODULE_PARM_DESC(…) …; module_param_array(…); MODULE_PARM_DESC(…) …; module_param_array(…); MODULE_PARM_DESC(…) …; #ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK module_param_array(…); MODULE_PARM_DESC(…) …; #endif module_param_array(…); MODULE_PARM_DESC(…) …; #define NR_APUS … #define NR_APU_REGS … /* NEC Versas ? */ #define NEC_VERSA_SUBID1 … #define NEC_VERSA_SUBID2 … /* Mode Flags */ #define ESS_FMT_STEREO … #define ESS_FMT_16BIT … #define DAC_RUNNING … #define ADC_RUNNING … /* Values for the ESM_LEGACY_AUDIO_CONTROL */ #define ESS_DISABLE_AUDIO … #define ESS_ENABLE_SERIAL_IRQ … #define IO_ADRESS_ALIAS … #define MPU401_IRQ_ENABLE … #define MPU401_IO_ENABLE … #define GAME_IO_ENABLE … #define FM_IO_ENABLE … #define SB_IO_ENABLE … /* Values for the ESM_CONFIG_A */ #define PIC_SNOOP1 … #define PIC_SNOOP2 … #define SAFEGUARD … #define DMA_CLEAR … #define DMA_DDMA … #define DMA_TDMA … #define DMA_PCPCI … #define POST_WRITE … #define PCI_TIMING … #define SWAP_LR … #define SUBTR_DECODE … /* Values for the ESM_CONFIG_B */ #define SPDIF_CONFB … #define HWV_CONFB … #define DEBOUNCE … #define GPIO_CONFB … #define CHI_CONFB … #define IDMA_CONFB … #define MIDI_FIX … #define IRQ_TO_ISA … /* Values for Ring Bus Control B */ #define RINGB_2CODEC_ID_MASK … #define RINGB_DIS_VALIDATION … #define RINGB_EN_SPDIF … #define RINGB_EN_2CODEC … #define RINGB_SING_BIT_DUAL … /* ****Port Addresses**** */ /* Write & Read */ #define ESM_INDEX … #define ESM_DATA … /* AC97 + RingBus */ #define ESM_AC97_INDEX … #define ESM_AC97_DATA … #define ESM_RING_BUS_DEST … #define ESM_RING_BUS_CONTR_A … #define ESM_RING_BUS_CONTR_B … #define ESM_RING_BUS_SDO … /* WaveCache*/ #define WC_INDEX … #define WC_DATA … #define WC_CONTROL … /* ASSP*/ #define ASSP_INDEX … #define ASSP_MEMORY … #define ASSP_DATA … #define ASSP_CONTROL_A … #define ASSP_CONTROL_B … #define ASSP_CONTROL_C … #define ASSP_HOSTW_INDEX … #define ASSP_HOSTW_DATA … #define ASSP_HOSTW_IRQ … /* Midi */ #define ESM_MPU401_PORT … /* Others */ #define ESM_PORT_HOST_IRQ … #define IDR0_DATA_PORT … #define IDR1_CRAM_POINTER … #define IDR2_CRAM_DATA … #define IDR3_WAVE_DATA … #define IDR4_WAVE_PTR_LOW … #define IDR5_WAVE_PTR_HI … #define IDR6_TIMER_CTRL … #define IDR7_WAVE_ROMRAM … #define WRITEABLE_MAP … #define READABLE_MAP … /* PCI Register */ #define ESM_LEGACY_AUDIO_CONTROL … #define ESM_ACPI_COMMAND … #define ESM_CONFIG_A … #define ESM_CONFIG_B … #define ESM_DDMA … /* Bob Bits */ #define ESM_BOB_ENABLE … #define ESM_BOB_START … /* Host IRQ Control Bits */ #define ESM_RESET_MAESTRO … #define ESM_RESET_DIRECTSOUND … #define ESM_HIRQ_ClkRun … #define ESM_HIRQ_HW_VOLUME … #define ESM_HIRQ_HARPO … #define ESM_HIRQ_ASSP … #define ESM_HIRQ_DSIE … #define ESM_HIRQ_MPU401 … #define ESM_HIRQ_SB … /* Host IRQ Status Bits */ #define ESM_MPU401_IRQ … #define ESM_SB_IRQ … #define ESM_SOUND_IRQ … #define ESM_ASSP_IRQ … #define ESM_HWVOL_IRQ … #define ESS_SYSCLK … #define ESM_BOB_FREQ … #define ESM_BOB_FREQ_MAX … #define ESM_FREQ_ESM1 … #define ESM_FREQ_ESM2 … /* APU Modes: reg 0x00, bit 4-7 */ #define ESM_APU_MODE_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_MODE_MASK … #define ESM_APU_OFF … #define ESM_APU_16BITLINEAR … #define ESM_APU_16BITSTEREO … #define ESM_APU_8BITLINEAR … #define ESM_APU_8BITSTEREO … #define ESM_APU_8BITDIFF … #define ESM_APU_DIGITALDELAY … #define ESM_APU_DUALTAP … #define ESM_APU_CORRELATOR … #define ESM_APU_INPUTMIXER … #define ESM_APU_WAVETABLE … #define ESM_APU_SRCONVERTOR … #define ESM_APU_16BITPINGPONG … #define ESM_APU_RESERVED1 … #define ESM_APU_RESERVED2 … #define ESM_APU_RESERVED3 … /* reg 0x00 */ #define ESM_APU_FILTER_Q_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_FILTER_Q_MASK … /* APU Filtey Q Control */ #define ESM_APU_FILTER_LESSQ … #define ESM_APU_FILTER_MOREQ … #define ESM_APU_FILTER_TYPE_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_FILTER_TYPE_MASK … #define ESM_APU_ENV_TYPE_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_ENV_TYPE_MASK … #define ESM_APU_ENV_STATE_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_ENV_STATE_MASK … #define ESM_APU_END_CURVE … #define ESM_APU_INT_ON_LOOP … #define ESM_APU_DMA_ENABLE … /* reg 0x02 */ #define ESM_APU_SUBMIX_GROUP_SHIRT … #define ESM_APU_SUBMIX_GROUP_MASK … #define ESM_APU_SUBMIX_MODE … #define ESM_APU_6dB … #define ESM_APU_DUAL_EFFECT … #define ESM_APU_EFFECT_CHANNELS_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_EFFECT_CHANNELS_MASK … /* reg 0x03 */ #define ESM_APU_STEP_SIZE_MASK … /* reg 0x04 */ #define ESM_APU_PHASE_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_PHASE_MASK … #define ESM_APU_WAVE64K_PAGE_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_WAVE64K_PAGE_MASK … /* reg 0x05 - wave start offset */ /* reg 0x06 - wave end offset */ /* reg 0x07 - wave loop length */ /* reg 0x08 */ #define ESM_APU_EFFECT_GAIN_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_EFFECT_GAIN_MASK … #define ESM_APU_TREMOLO_DEPTH_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_TREMOLO_DEPTH_MASK … #define ESM_APU_TREMOLO_RATE_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_TREMOLO_RATE_MASK … /* reg 0x09 */ /* bit 0-7 amplitude dest? */ #define ESM_APU_AMPLITUDE_NOW_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_AMPLITUDE_NOW_MASK … /* reg 0x0a */ #define ESM_APU_POLAR_PAN_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_POLAR_PAN_MASK … /* Polar Pan Control */ #define ESM_APU_PAN_CENTER_CIRCLE … #define ESM_APU_PAN_MIDDLE_RADIUS … #define ESM_APU_PAN_OUTSIDE_RADIUS … #define ESM_APU_FILTER_TUNING_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_FILTER_TUNING_MASK … /* reg 0x0b */ #define ESM_APU_DATA_SRC_A_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_DATA_SRC_A_MASK … #define ESM_APU_INV_POL_A … #define ESM_APU_DATA_SRC_B_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_DATA_SRC_B_MASK … #define ESM_APU_INV_POL_B … #define ESM_APU_VIBRATO_RATE_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_VIBRATO_RATE_MASK … #define ESM_APU_VIBRATO_DEPTH_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_VIBRATO_DEPTH_MASK … #define ESM_APU_VIBRATO_PHASE_SHIFT … #define ESM_APU_VIBRATO_PHASE_MASK … /* reg 0x0c */ #define ESM_APU_RADIUS_SELECT … /* APU Filter Control */ #define ESM_APU_FILTER_2POLE_LOPASS … #define ESM_APU_FILTER_2POLE_BANDPASS … #define ESM_APU_FILTER_2POLE_HIPASS … #define ESM_APU_FILTER_1POLE_LOPASS … #define ESM_APU_FILTER_1POLE_HIPASS … #define ESM_APU_FILTER_OFF … /* APU ATFP Type */ #define ESM_APU_ATFP_AMPLITUDE … #define ESM_APU_ATFP_TREMELO … #define ESM_APU_ATFP_FILTER … #define ESM_APU_ATFP_PAN … /* APU ATFP Flags */ #define ESM_APU_ATFP_FLG_OFF … #define ESM_APU_ATFP_FLG_WAIT … #define ESM_APU_ATFP_FLG_DONE … #define ESM_APU_ATFP_FLG_INPROCESS … /* capture mixing buffer size */ #define ESM_MEM_ALIGN … #define ESM_MIXBUF_SIZE … #define ESM_MODE_PLAY … #define ESM_MODE_CAPTURE … /* APU use in the driver */ enum snd_enum_apu_type { … }; /* chip type */ enum { … }; /* DMA Hack! */ struct esm_memory { … }; /* Playback Channel */ struct esschan { … }; struct es1968 { … }; static irqreturn_t snd_es1968_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id); static const struct pci_device_id snd_es1968_ids[] = …; MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, snd_es1968_ids); /* ********************* * Low Level Funcs! * *********************/ /* no spinlock */ static void __maestro_write(struct es1968 *chip, u16 reg, u16 data) { … } static inline void maestro_write(struct es1968 *chip, u16 reg, u16 data) { … } /* no spinlock */ static u16 __maestro_read(struct es1968 *chip, u16 reg) { … } static inline u16 maestro_read(struct es1968 *chip, u16 reg) { … } /* Wait for the codec bus to be free */ static int snd_es1968_ac97_wait(struct es1968 *chip) { … } static int snd_es1968_ac97_wait_poll(struct es1968 *chip) { … } static void snd_es1968_ac97_write(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg, unsigned short val) { … } static unsigned short snd_es1968_ac97_read(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg) { … } /* no spinlock */ static void apu_index_set(struct es1968 *chip, u16 index) { … } /* no spinlock */ static void apu_data_set(struct es1968 *chip, u16 data) { … } /* no spinlock */ static void __apu_set_register(struct es1968 *chip, u16 channel, u8 reg, u16 data) { … } static void apu_set_register(struct es1968 *chip, u16 channel, u8 reg, u16 data) { … } static u16 __apu_get_register(struct es1968 *chip, u16 channel, u8 reg) { … } static u16 apu_get_register(struct es1968 *chip, u16 channel, u8 reg) { … } #if 0 /* ASSP is not supported */ static void assp_set_register(struct es1968 *chip, u32 reg, u32 value) { unsigned long flags; spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags); outl(reg, chip->io_port + ASSP_INDEX); outl(value, chip->io_port + ASSP_DATA); spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags); } static u32 assp_get_register(struct es1968 *chip, u32 reg) { unsigned long flags; u32 value; spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags); outl(reg, chip->io_port + ASSP_INDEX); value = inl(chip->io_port + ASSP_DATA); spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags); return value; } #endif static void wave_set_register(struct es1968 *chip, u16 reg, u16 value) { … } static u16 wave_get_register(struct es1968 *chip, u16 reg) { … } /* ******************* * Bob the Timer! * *******************/ static void snd_es1968_bob_stop(struct es1968 *chip) { … } static void snd_es1968_bob_start(struct es1968 *chip) { … } /* call with substream spinlock */ static void snd_es1968_bob_inc(struct es1968 *chip, int freq) { … } /* call with substream spinlock */ static void snd_es1968_bob_dec(struct es1968 *chip) { … } static int snd_es1968_calc_bob_rate(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es, struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime) { … } /************* * PCM Part * *************/ static u32 snd_es1968_compute_rate(struct es1968 *chip, u32 freq) { … } /* get current pointer */ static inline unsigned int snd_es1968_get_dma_ptr(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es) { … } static void snd_es1968_apu_set_freq(struct es1968 *chip, int apu, int freq) { … } /* spin lock held */ static inline void snd_es1968_trigger_apu(struct es1968 *esm, int apu, int mode) { … } static void snd_es1968_pcm_start(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es) { … } static void snd_es1968_pcm_stop(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es) { … } /* set the wavecache control reg */ static void snd_es1968_program_wavecache(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es, int channel, u32 addr, int capture) { … } static void snd_es1968_playback_setup(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es, struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime) { … } static void init_capture_apu(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es, int channel, unsigned int pa, unsigned int bsize, int mode, int route) { … } static void snd_es1968_capture_setup(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es, struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime) { … } /******************* * ALSA Interface * *******************/ static int snd_es1968_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream) { … } static int snd_es1968_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd) { … } static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_es1968_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream) { … } static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_es1968_playback = …; static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_es1968_capture = …; /* ************************* * DMA memory management * *************************/ /* Because the Maestro can only take addresses relative to the PCM base address register :( */ static int calc_available_memory_size(struct es1968 *chip) { … } /* allocate a new memory chunk with the specified size */ static struct esm_memory *snd_es1968_new_memory(struct es1968 *chip, int size) { … } /* free a memory chunk */ static void snd_es1968_free_memory(struct es1968 *chip, struct esm_memory *buf) { … } static void snd_es1968_free_dmabuf(struct es1968 *chip) { … } static int snd_es1968_init_dmabuf(struct es1968 *chip) { … } /* setup the dma_areas */ /* buffer is extracted from the pre-allocated memory chunk */ static int snd_es1968_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params) { … } /* remove dma areas if allocated */ static int snd_es1968_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream) { … } /* * allocate APU pair */ static int snd_es1968_alloc_apu_pair(struct es1968 *chip, int type) { … } /* * release APU pair */ static void snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(struct es1968 *chip, int apu) { … } /****************** * PCM open/close * ******************/ static int snd_es1968_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream) { … } static int snd_es1968_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream) { … } static int snd_es1968_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream) { … } static int snd_es1968_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream) { … } static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_es1968_playback_ops = …; static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_es1968_capture_ops = …; /* * measure clock */ #define CLOCK_MEASURE_BUFSIZE … static void es1968_measure_clock(struct es1968 *chip) { … } /* */ static void snd_es1968_pcm_free(struct snd_pcm *pcm) { … } static int snd_es1968_pcm(struct es1968 *chip, int device) { … } /* * suppress jitter on some maestros when playing stereo */ static void snd_es1968_suppress_jitter(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es) { … } /* * update pointer */ static void snd_es1968_update_pcm(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es) { … } /* The hardware volume works by incrementing / decrementing 2 counters (without wrap around) in response to volume button presses and then generating an interrupt. The pair of counters is stored in bits 1-3 and 5-7 of a byte wide register. The meaning of bits 0 and 4 is unknown. */ static void es1968_update_hw_volume(struct work_struct *work) { … } /* * interrupt handler */ static irqreturn_t snd_es1968_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id) { … } /* * Mixer stuff */ static int snd_es1968_mixer(struct es1968 *chip) { … } /* * reset ac97 codec */ static void snd_es1968_ac97_reset(struct es1968 *chip) { … } static void snd_es1968_reset(struct es1968 *chip) { … } /* * initialize maestro chip */ static void snd_es1968_chip_init(struct es1968 *chip) { … } /* Enable IRQ's */ static void snd_es1968_start_irq(struct es1968 *chip) { … } /* * PM support */ static int es1968_suspend(struct device *dev) { … } static int es1968_resume(struct device *dev) { … } static DEFINE_SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(es1968_pm, es1968_suspend, es1968_resume); #ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK #define JOYSTICK_ADDR … static int snd_es1968_create_gameport(struct es1968 *chip, int dev) { … } static void snd_es1968_free_gameport(struct es1968 *chip) { … } #else static inline int snd_es1968_create_gameport(struct es1968 *chip, int dev) { return -ENOSYS; } static inline void snd_es1968_free_gameport(struct es1968 *chip) { } #endif #ifdef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_INPUT static int snd_es1968_input_register(struct es1968 *chip) { … } #endif /* CONFIG_SND_ES1968_INPUT */ #ifdef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_RADIO #define GPIO_DATA … #define IO_MASK … #define IO_DIR … /* GPIO to TEA575x maps */ struct snd_es1968_tea575x_gpio { … }; static const struct snd_es1968_tea575x_gpio snd_es1968_tea575x_gpios[] = …; #define get_tea575x_gpio(chip) … static void snd_es1968_tea575x_set_pins(struct snd_tea575x *tea, u8 pins) { … } static u8 snd_es1968_tea575x_get_pins(struct snd_tea575x *tea) { … } static void snd_es1968_tea575x_set_direction(struct snd_tea575x *tea, bool output) { … } static const struct snd_tea575x_ops snd_es1968_tea_ops = …; #endif static void snd_es1968_free(struct snd_card *card) { … } struct ess_device_list { … }; static const struct ess_device_list pm_allowlist[] = …; static const struct ess_device_list mpu_denylist[] = …; static int snd_es1968_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci, int total_bufsize, int play_streams, int capt_streams, int chip_type, int do_pm, int radio_nr) { … } /* */ static int __snd_es1968_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id) { … } static int snd_es1968_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id) { … } static struct pci_driver es1968_driver = …; module_pci_driver(…) …;
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