#!/usr/bin/env python3
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
#
# Tool for analyzing boot timing
# Copyright (c) 2013, Intel Corporation.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
# version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
# more details.
#
# Authors:
# Todd Brandt <[email protected]>
#
# Description:
# This tool is designed to assist kernel and OS developers in optimizing
# their linux stack's boot time. It creates an html representation of
# the kernel boot timeline up to the start of the init process.
#
# ----------------- LIBRARIES --------------------
import sys
import time
import os
import string
import re
import platform
import shutil
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from subprocess import call, Popen, PIPE
import sleepgraph as aslib
def pprint(msg):
print(msg)
sys.stdout.flush()
# ----------------- CLASSES --------------------
# Class: SystemValues
# Description:
# A global, single-instance container used to
# store system values and test parameters
class SystemValues(aslib.SystemValues):
title = 'BootGraph'
version = '2.2'
hostname = 'localhost'
testtime = ''
kernel = ''
dmesgfile = ''
ftracefile = ''
htmlfile = 'bootgraph.html'
testdir = ''
kparams = ''
result = ''
useftrace = False
usecallgraph = False
suspendmode = 'boot'
max_graph_depth = 2
graph_filter = 'do_one_initcall'
reboot = False
manual = False
iscronjob = False
timeformat = '%.6f'
bootloader = 'grub'
blexec = []
def __init__(self):
self.kernel, self.hostname = 'unknown', platform.node()
self.testtime = datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S')
if os.path.exists('/proc/version'):
fp = open('/proc/version', 'r')
self.kernel = self.kernelVersion(fp.read().strip())
fp.close()
self.testdir = datetime.now().strftime('boot-%y%m%d-%H%M%S')
def kernelVersion(self, msg):
m = re.match(r'^[Ll]inux *[Vv]ersion *(?P<v>\S*) .*', msg)
if m:
return m.group('v')
return 'unknown'
def checkFtraceKernelVersion(self):
m = re.match(r'^(?P<x>[0-9]*)\.(?P<y>[0-9]*)\.(?P<z>[0-9]*).*', self.kernel)
if m:
val = tuple(map(int, m.groups()))
if val >= (4, 10, 0):
return True
return False
def kernelParams(self):
cmdline = 'initcall_debug log_buf_len=32M'
if self.useftrace:
if self.cpucount > 0:
bs = min(self.memtotal // 2, 2*1024*1024) // self.cpucount
else:
bs = 131072
cmdline += ' trace_buf_size=%dK trace_clock=global '\
'trace_options=nooverwrite,funcgraph-abstime,funcgraph-cpu,'\
'funcgraph-duration,funcgraph-proc,funcgraph-tail,'\
'nofuncgraph-overhead,context-info,graph-time '\
'ftrace=function_graph '\
'ftrace_graph_max_depth=%d '\
'ftrace_graph_filter=%s' % \
(bs, self.max_graph_depth, self.graph_filter)
return cmdline
def setGraphFilter(self, val):
master = self.getBootFtraceFilterFunctions()
fs = ''
for i in val.split(','):
func = i.strip()
if func == '':
doError('badly formatted filter function string')
if '[' in func or ']' in func:
doError('loadable module functions not allowed - "%s"' % func)
if ' ' in func:
doError('spaces found in filter functions - "%s"' % func)
if func not in master:
doError('function "%s" not available for ftrace' % func)
if not fs:
fs = func
else:
fs += ','+func
if not fs:
doError('badly formatted filter function string')
self.graph_filter = fs
def getBootFtraceFilterFunctions(self):
self.rootCheck(True)
fp = open(self.tpath+'available_filter_functions')
fulllist = fp.read().split('\n')
fp.close()
list = []
for i in fulllist:
if not i or ' ' in i or '[' in i or ']' in i:
continue
list.append(i)
return list
def myCronJob(self, line):
if '@reboot' not in line:
return False
if 'bootgraph' in line or 'analyze_boot.py' in line or '-cronjob' in line:
return True
return False
def cronjobCmdString(self):
cmdline = '%s -cronjob' % os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])
args = iter(sys.argv[1:])
for arg in args:
if arg in ['-h', '-v', '-cronjob', '-reboot', '-verbose']:
continue
elif arg in ['-o', '-dmesg', '-ftrace', '-func']:
next(args)
continue
elif arg == '-result':
cmdline += ' %s "%s"' % (arg, os.path.abspath(next(args)))
continue
elif arg == '-cgskip':
file = self.configFile(next(args))
cmdline += ' %s "%s"' % (arg, os.path.abspath(file))
continue
cmdline += ' '+arg
if self.graph_filter != 'do_one_initcall':
cmdline += ' -func "%s"' % self.graph_filter
cmdline += ' -o "%s"' % os.path.abspath(self.testdir)
return cmdline
def manualRebootRequired(self):
cmdline = self.kernelParams()
pprint('To generate a new timeline manually, follow these steps:\n\n'\
'1. Add the CMDLINE string to your kernel command line.\n'\
'2. Reboot the system.\n'\
'3. After reboot, re-run this tool with the same arguments but no command (w/o -reboot or -manual).\n\n'\
'CMDLINE="%s"' % cmdline)
sys.exit()
def blGrub(self):
blcmd = ''
for cmd in ['update-grub', 'grub-mkconfig', 'grub2-mkconfig']:
if blcmd:
break
blcmd = self.getExec(cmd)
if not blcmd:
doError('[GRUB] missing update command')
if not os.path.exists('/etc/default/grub'):
doError('[GRUB] missing /etc/default/grub')
if 'grub2' in blcmd:
cfg = '/boot/grub2/grub.cfg'
else:
cfg = '/boot/grub/grub.cfg'
if not os.path.exists(cfg):
doError('[GRUB] missing %s' % cfg)
if 'update-grub' in blcmd:
self.blexec = [blcmd]
else:
self.blexec = [blcmd, '-o', cfg]
def getBootLoader(self):
if self.bootloader == 'grub':
self.blGrub()
else:
doError('unknown boot loader: %s' % self.bootloader)
def writeDatafileHeader(self, filename):
self.kparams = open('/proc/cmdline', 'r').read().strip()
fp = open(filename, 'w')
fp.write(self.teststamp+'\n')
fp.write(self.sysstamp+'\n')
fp.write('# command | %s\n' % self.cmdline)
fp.write('# kparams | %s\n' % self.kparams)
fp.close()
sysvals = SystemValues()
# Class: Data
# Description:
# The primary container for test data.
class Data(aslib.Data):
dmesg = {} # root data structure
start = 0.0 # test start
end = 0.0 # test end
dmesgtext = [] # dmesg text file in memory
testnumber = 0
idstr = ''
html_device_id = 0
valid = False
tUserMode = 0.0
boottime = ''
phases = ['kernel', 'user']
do_one_initcall = False
def __init__(self, num):
self.testnumber = num
self.idstr = 'a'
self.dmesgtext = []
self.dmesg = {
'kernel': {'list': dict(), 'start': -1.0, 'end': -1.0, 'row': 0,
'order': 0, 'color': 'linear-gradient(to bottom, #fff, #bcf)'},
'user': {'list': dict(), 'start': -1.0, 'end': -1.0, 'row': 0,
'order': 1, 'color': '#fff'}
}
def deviceTopology(self):
return ''
def newAction(self, phase, name, pid, start, end, ret, ulen):
# new device callback for a specific phase
self.html_device_id += 1
devid = '%s%d' % (self.idstr, self.html_device_id)
list = self.dmesg[phase]['list']
length = -1.0
if(start >= 0 and end >= 0):
length = end - start
i = 2
origname = name
while(name in list):
name = '%s[%d]' % (origname, i)
i += 1
list[name] = {'name': name, 'start': start, 'end': end,
'pid': pid, 'length': length, 'row': 0, 'id': devid,
'ret': ret, 'ulen': ulen }
return name
def deviceMatch(self, pid, cg):
if cg.end - cg.start == 0:
return ''
for p in data.phases:
list = self.dmesg[p]['list']
for devname in list:
dev = list[devname]
if pid != dev['pid']:
continue
if cg.name == 'do_one_initcall':
if(cg.start <= dev['start'] and cg.end >= dev['end'] and dev['length'] > 0):
dev['ftrace'] = cg
self.do_one_initcall = True
return devname
else:
if(cg.start > dev['start'] and cg.end < dev['end']):
if 'ftraces' not in dev:
dev['ftraces'] = []
dev['ftraces'].append(cg)
return devname
return ''
def printDetails(self):
sysvals.vprint('Timeline Details:')
sysvals.vprint(' Host: %s' % sysvals.hostname)
sysvals.vprint(' Kernel: %s' % sysvals.kernel)
sysvals.vprint(' Test time: %s' % sysvals.testtime)
sysvals.vprint(' Boot time: %s' % self.boottime)
for phase in self.phases:
dc = len(self.dmesg[phase]['list'])
sysvals.vprint('%9s mode: %.3f - %.3f (%d initcalls)' % (phase,
self.dmesg[phase]['start']*1000,
self.dmesg[phase]['end']*1000, dc))
# ----------------- FUNCTIONS --------------------
# Function: parseKernelLog
# Description:
# parse a kernel log for boot data
def parseKernelLog():
sysvals.vprint('Analyzing the dmesg data (%s)...' % \
os.path.basename(sysvals.dmesgfile))
phase = 'kernel'
data = Data(0)
data.dmesg['kernel']['start'] = data.start = ktime = 0.0
sysvals.stamp = {
'time': datetime.now().strftime('%B %d %Y, %I:%M:%S %p'),
'host': sysvals.hostname,
'mode': 'boot', 'kernel': ''}
tp = aslib.TestProps()
devtemp = dict()
if(sysvals.dmesgfile):
lf = open(sysvals.dmesgfile, 'rb')
else:
lf = Popen('dmesg', stdout=PIPE).stdout
for line in lf:
line = aslib.ascii(line).replace('\r\n', '')
# grab the stamp and sysinfo
if re.match(tp.stampfmt, line):
tp.stamp = line
continue
elif re.match(tp.sysinfofmt, line):
tp.sysinfo = line
continue
elif re.match(tp.cmdlinefmt, line):
tp.cmdline = line
continue
elif re.match(tp.kparamsfmt, line):
tp.kparams = line
continue
idx = line.find('[')
if idx > 1:
line = line[idx:]
m = re.match(r'[ \t]*(\[ *)(?P<ktime>[0-9\.]*)(\]) (?P<msg>.*)', line)
if(not m):
continue
ktime = float(m.group('ktime'))
if(ktime > 120):
break
msg = m.group('msg')
data.dmesgtext.append(line)
if(ktime == 0.0 and re.match(r'^Linux version .*', msg)):
if(not sysvals.stamp['kernel']):
sysvals.stamp['kernel'] = sysvals.kernelVersion(msg)
continue
m = re.match(r'.* setting system clock to (?P<d>[0-9\-]*)[ A-Z](?P<t>[0-9:]*) UTC.*', msg)
if(m):
bt = datetime.strptime(m.group('d')+' '+m.group('t'), '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
bt = bt - timedelta(seconds=int(ktime))
data.boottime = bt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S')
sysvals.stamp['time'] = bt.strftime('%B %d %Y, %I:%M:%S %p')
continue
m = re.match(r'^calling *(?P<f>.*)\+.* @ (?P<p>[0-9]*)', msg)
if(m):
func = m.group('f')
pid = int(m.group('p'))
devtemp[func] = (ktime, pid)
continue
m = re.match(r'^initcall *(?P<f>.*)\+.* returned (?P<r>.*) after (?P<t>.*) usecs', msg)
if(m):
data.valid = True
data.end = ktime
f, r, t = m.group('f', 'r', 't')
if(f in devtemp):
start, pid = devtemp[f]
data.newAction(phase, f, pid, start, ktime, int(r), int(t))
del devtemp[f]
continue
if(re.match(r'^Freeing unused kernel .*', msg)):
data.tUserMode = ktime
data.dmesg['kernel']['end'] = ktime
data.dmesg['user']['start'] = ktime
phase = 'user'
if tp.stamp:
sysvals.stamp = 0
tp.parseStamp(data, sysvals)
data.dmesg['user']['end'] = data.end
lf.close()
return data
# Function: parseTraceLog
# Description:
# Check if trace is available and copy to a temp file
def parseTraceLog(data):
sysvals.vprint('Analyzing the ftrace data (%s)...' % \
os.path.basename(sysvals.ftracefile))
# if available, calculate cgfilter allowable ranges
cgfilter = []
if len(sysvals.cgfilter) > 0:
for p in data.phases:
list = data.dmesg[p]['list']
for i in sysvals.cgfilter:
if i in list:
cgfilter.append([list[i]['start']-0.0001,
list[i]['end']+0.0001])
# parse the trace log
ftemp = dict()
tp = aslib.TestProps()
tp.setTracerType('function_graph')
tf = open(sysvals.ftracefile, 'r')
for line in tf:
if line[0] == '#':
continue
m = re.match(tp.ftrace_line_fmt, line.strip())
if(not m):
continue
m_time, m_proc, m_pid, m_msg, m_dur = \
m.group('time', 'proc', 'pid', 'msg', 'dur')
t = float(m_time)
if len(cgfilter) > 0:
allow = False
for r in cgfilter:
if t >= r[0] and t < r[1]:
allow = True
break
if not allow:
continue
if t > data.end:
break
if(m_time and m_pid and m_msg):
t = aslib.FTraceLine(m_time, m_msg, m_dur)
pid = int(m_pid)
else:
continue
if t.fevent or t.fkprobe:
continue
key = (m_proc, pid)
if(key not in ftemp):
ftemp[key] = []
ftemp[key].append(aslib.FTraceCallGraph(pid, sysvals))
cg = ftemp[key][-1]
res = cg.addLine(t)
if(res != 0):
ftemp[key].append(aslib.FTraceCallGraph(pid, sysvals))
if(res == -1):
ftemp[key][-1].addLine(t)
tf.close()
# add the callgraph data to the device hierarchy
for key in ftemp:
proc, pid = key
for cg in ftemp[key]:
if len(cg.list) < 1 or cg.invalid or (cg.end - cg.start == 0):
continue
if(not cg.postProcess()):
pprint('Sanity check failed for %s-%d' % (proc, pid))
continue
# match cg data to devices
devname = data.deviceMatch(pid, cg)
if not devname:
kind = 'Orphan'
if cg.partial:
kind = 'Partial'
sysvals.vprint('%s callgraph found for %s %s-%d [%f - %f]' %\
(kind, cg.name, proc, pid, cg.start, cg.end))
elif len(cg.list) > 1000000:
pprint('WARNING: the callgraph found for %s is massive! (%d lines)' %\
(devname, len(cg.list)))
# Function: retrieveLogs
# Description:
# Create copies of dmesg and/or ftrace for later processing
def retrieveLogs():
# check ftrace is configured first
if sysvals.useftrace:
tracer = sysvals.fgetVal('current_tracer').strip()
if tracer != 'function_graph':
doError('ftrace not configured for a boot callgraph')
# create the folder and get dmesg
sysvals.systemInfo(aslib.dmidecode(sysvals.mempath))
sysvals.initTestOutput('boot')
sysvals.writeDatafileHeader(sysvals.dmesgfile)
call('dmesg >> '+sysvals.dmesgfile, shell=True)
if not sysvals.useftrace:
return
# get ftrace
sysvals.writeDatafileHeader(sysvals.ftracefile)
call('cat '+sysvals.tpath+'trace >> '+sysvals.ftracefile, shell=True)
# Function: colorForName
# Description:
# Generate a repeatable color from a list for a given name
def colorForName(name):
list = [
('c1', '#ec9999'),
('c2', '#ffc1a6'),
('c3', '#fff0a6'),
('c4', '#adf199'),
('c5', '#9fadea'),
('c6', '#a699c1'),
('c7', '#ad99b4'),
('c8', '#eaffea'),
('c9', '#dcecfb'),
('c10', '#ffffea')
]
i = 0
total = 0
count = len(list)
while i < len(name):
total += ord(name[i])
i += 1
return list[total % count]
def cgOverview(cg, minlen):
stats = dict()
large = []
for l in cg.list:
if l.fcall and l.depth == 1:
if l.length >= minlen:
large.append(l)
if l.name not in stats:
stats[l.name] = [0, 0.0]
stats[l.name][0] += (l.length * 1000.0)
stats[l.name][1] += 1
return (large, stats)
# Function: createBootGraph
# Description:
# Create the output html file from the resident test data
# Arguments:
# testruns: array of Data objects from parseKernelLog or parseTraceLog
# Output:
# True if the html file was created, false if it failed
def createBootGraph(data):
# html function templates
html_srccall = '<div id={6} title="{5}" class="srccall" style="left:{1}%;top:{2}px;height:{3}px;width:{4}%;line-height:{3}px;">{0}</div>\n'
html_timetotal = '<table class="time1">\n<tr>'\
'<td class="blue">Init process starts @ <b>{0} ms</b></td>'\
'<td class="blue">Last initcall ends @ <b>{1} ms</b></td>'\
'</tr>\n</table>\n'
# device timeline
devtl = aslib.Timeline(100, 20)
# write the test title and general info header
devtl.createHeader(sysvals, sysvals.stamp)
# Generate the header for this timeline
t0 = data.start
tMax = data.end
tTotal = tMax - t0
if(tTotal == 0):
pprint('ERROR: No timeline data')
return False
user_mode = '%.0f'%(data.tUserMode*1000)
last_init = '%.0f'%(tTotal*1000)
devtl.html += html_timetotal.format(user_mode, last_init)
# determine the maximum number of rows we need to draw
devlist = []
for p in data.phases:
list = data.dmesg[p]['list']
for devname in list:
d = aslib.DevItem(0, p, list[devname])
devlist.append(d)
devtl.getPhaseRows(devlist, 0, 'start')
devtl.calcTotalRows()
# draw the timeline background
devtl.createZoomBox()
devtl.html += devtl.html_tblock.format('boot', '0', '100', devtl.scaleH)
for p in data.phases:
phase = data.dmesg[p]
length = phase['end']-phase['start']
left = '%.3f' % (((phase['start']-t0)*100.0)/tTotal)
width = '%.3f' % ((length*100.0)/tTotal)
devtl.html += devtl.html_phase.format(left, width, \
'%.3f'%devtl.scaleH, '%.3f'%devtl.bodyH, \
phase['color'], '')
# draw the device timeline
num = 0
devstats = dict()
for phase in data.phases:
list = data.dmesg[phase]['list']
for devname in sorted(list):
cls, color = colorForName(devname)
dev = list[devname]
info = '@|%.3f|%.3f|%.3f|%d' % (dev['start']*1000.0, dev['end']*1000.0,
dev['ulen']/1000.0, dev['ret'])
devstats[dev['id']] = {'info':info}
dev['color'] = color
height = devtl.phaseRowHeight(0, phase, dev['row'])
top = '%.6f' % ((dev['row']*height) + devtl.scaleH)
left = '%.6f' % (((dev['start']-t0)*100)/tTotal)
width = '%.6f' % (((dev['end']-dev['start'])*100)/tTotal)
length = ' (%0.3f ms) ' % ((dev['end']-dev['start'])*1000)
devtl.html += devtl.html_device.format(dev['id'],
devname+length+phase+'_mode', left, top, '%.3f'%height,
width, devname, ' '+cls, '')
rowtop = devtl.phaseRowTop(0, phase, dev['row'])
height = '%.6f' % (devtl.rowH / 2)
top = '%.6f' % (rowtop + devtl.scaleH + (devtl.rowH / 2))
if data.do_one_initcall:
if('ftrace' not in dev):
continue
cg = dev['ftrace']
large, stats = cgOverview(cg, 0.001)
devstats[dev['id']]['fstat'] = stats
for l in large:
left = '%f' % (((l.time-t0)*100)/tTotal)
width = '%f' % (l.length*100/tTotal)
title = '%s (%0.3fms)' % (l.name, l.length * 1000.0)
devtl.html += html_srccall.format(l.name, left,
top, height, width, title, 'x%d'%num)
num += 1
continue
if('ftraces' not in dev):
continue
for cg in dev['ftraces']:
left = '%f' % (((cg.start-t0)*100)/tTotal)
width = '%f' % ((cg.end-cg.start)*100/tTotal)
cglen = (cg.end - cg.start) * 1000.0
title = '%s (%0.3fms)' % (cg.name, cglen)
cg.id = 'x%d' % num
devtl.html += html_srccall.format(cg.name, left,
top, height, width, title, dev['id']+cg.id)
num += 1
# draw the time scale, try to make the number of labels readable
devtl.createTimeScale(t0, tMax, tTotal, 'boot')
devtl.html += '</div>\n'
# timeline is finished
devtl.html += '</div>\n</div>\n'
# draw a legend which describes the phases by color
devtl.html += '<div class="legend">\n'
pdelta = 20.0
pmargin = 36.0
for phase in data.phases:
order = '%.2f' % ((data.dmesg[phase]['order'] * pdelta) + pmargin)
devtl.html += devtl.html_legend.format(order, \
data.dmesg[phase]['color'], phase+'_mode', phase[0])
devtl.html += '</div>\n'
hf = open(sysvals.htmlfile, 'w')
# add the css
extra = '\
.c1 {background:rgba(209,0,0,0.4);}\n\
.c2 {background:rgba(255,102,34,0.4);}\n\
.c3 {background:rgba(255,218,33,0.4);}\n\
.c4 {background:rgba(51,221,0,0.4);}\n\
.c5 {background:rgba(17,51,204,0.4);}\n\
.c6 {background:rgba(34,0,102,0.4);}\n\
.c7 {background:rgba(51,0,68,0.4);}\n\
.c8 {background:rgba(204,255,204,0.4);}\n\
.c9 {background:rgba(169,208,245,0.4);}\n\
.c10 {background:rgba(255,255,204,0.4);}\n\
.vt {transform:rotate(-60deg);transform-origin:0 0;}\n\
table.fstat {table-layout:fixed;padding:150px 15px 0 0;font-size:10px;column-width:30px;}\n\
.fstat th {width:55px;}\n\
.fstat td {text-align:left;width:35px;}\n\
.srccall {position:absolute;font-size:10px;z-index:7;overflow:hidden;color:black;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;border-radius:5px;border:1px solid black;background:linear-gradient(to bottom right,#CCC,#969696);}\n\
.srccall:hover {color:white;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid white;}\n'
aslib.addCSS(hf, sysvals, 1, False, extra)
# write the device timeline
hf.write(devtl.html)
# add boot specific html
statinfo = 'var devstats = {\n'
for n in sorted(devstats):
statinfo += '\t"%s": [\n\t\t"%s",\n' % (n, devstats[n]['info'])
if 'fstat' in devstats[n]:
funcs = devstats[n]['fstat']
for f in sorted(funcs, key=lambda k:(funcs[k], k), reverse=True):
if funcs[f][0] < 0.01 and len(funcs) > 10:
break
statinfo += '\t\t"%f|%s|%d",\n' % (funcs[f][0], f, funcs[f][1])
statinfo += '\t],\n'
statinfo += '};\n'
html = \
'<div id="devicedetailtitle"></div>\n'\
'<div id="devicedetail" style="display:none;">\n'\
'<div id="devicedetail0">\n'
for p in data.phases:
phase = data.dmesg[p]
html += devtl.html_phaselet.format(p+'_mode', '0', '100', phase['color'])
html += '</div>\n</div>\n'\
'<script type="text/javascript">\n'+statinfo+\
'</script>\n'
hf.write(html)
# add the callgraph html
if(sysvals.usecallgraph):
aslib.addCallgraphs(sysvals, hf, data)
# add the test log as a hidden div
if sysvals.testlog and sysvals.logmsg:
hf.write('<div id="testlog" style="display:none;">\n'+sysvals.logmsg+'</div>\n')
# add the dmesg log as a hidden div
if sysvals.dmesglog:
hf.write('<div id="dmesglog" style="display:none;">\n')
for line in data.dmesgtext:
line = line.replace('<', '<').replace('>', '>')
hf.write(line)
hf.write('</div>\n')
# write the footer and close
aslib.addScriptCode(hf, [data])
hf.write('</body>\n</html>\n')
hf.close()
return True
# Function: updateCron
# Description:
# (restore=False) Set the tool to run automatically on reboot
# (restore=True) Restore the original crontab
def updateCron(restore=False):
if not restore:
sysvals.rootUser(True)
crondir = '/var/spool/cron/crontabs/'
if not os.path.exists(crondir):
crondir = '/var/spool/cron/'
if not os.path.exists(crondir):
doError('%s not found' % crondir)
cronfile = crondir+'root'
backfile = crondir+'root-analyze_boot-backup'
cmd = sysvals.getExec('crontab')
if not cmd:
doError('crontab not found')
# on restore: move the backup cron back into place
if restore:
if os.path.exists(backfile):
shutil.move(backfile, cronfile)
call([cmd, cronfile])
return
# backup current cron and install new one with reboot
if os.path.exists(cronfile):
shutil.move(cronfile, backfile)
else:
fp = open(backfile, 'w')
fp.close()
res = -1
try:
fp = open(backfile, 'r')
op = open(cronfile, 'w')
for line in fp:
if not sysvals.myCronJob(line):
op.write(line)
continue
fp.close()
op.write('@reboot python %s\n' % sysvals.cronjobCmdString())
op.close()
res = call([cmd, cronfile])
except Exception as e:
pprint('Exception: %s' % str(e))
shutil.move(backfile, cronfile)
res = -1
if res != 0:
doError('crontab failed')
# Function: updateGrub
# Description:
# update grub.cfg for all kernels with our parameters
def updateGrub(restore=False):
# call update-grub on restore
if restore:
try:
call(sysvals.blexec, stderr=PIPE, stdout=PIPE,
env={'PATH': '.:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin'})
except Exception as e:
pprint('Exception: %s\n' % str(e))
return
# extract the option and create a grub config without it
sysvals.rootUser(True)
tgtopt = 'GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT'
cmdline = ''
grubfile = '/etc/default/grub'
tempfile = '/etc/default/grub.analyze_boot'
shutil.move(grubfile, tempfile)
res = -1
try:
fp = open(tempfile, 'r')
op = open(grubfile, 'w')
cont = False
for line in fp:
line = line.strip()
if len(line) == 0 or line[0] == '#':
continue
opt = line.split('=')[0].strip()
if opt == tgtopt:
cmdline = line.split('=', 1)[1].strip('\\')
if line[-1] == '\\':
cont = True
elif cont:
cmdline += line.strip('\\')
if line[-1] != '\\':
cont = False
else:
op.write('%s\n' % line)
fp.close()
# if the target option value is in quotes, strip them
sp = '"'
val = cmdline.strip()
if val and (val[0] == '\'' or val[0] == '"'):
sp = val[0]
val = val.strip(sp)
cmdline = val
# append our cmd line options
if len(cmdline) > 0:
cmdline += ' '
cmdline += sysvals.kernelParams()
# write out the updated target option
op.write('\n%s=%s%s%s\n' % (tgtopt, sp, cmdline, sp))
op.close()
res = call(sysvals.blexec)
os.remove(grubfile)
except Exception as e:
pprint('Exception: %s' % str(e))
res = -1
# cleanup
shutil.move(tempfile, grubfile)
if res != 0:
doError('update grub failed')
# Function: updateKernelParams
# Description:
# update boot conf for all kernels with our parameters
def updateKernelParams(restore=False):
# find the boot loader
sysvals.getBootLoader()
if sysvals.bootloader == 'grub':
updateGrub(restore)
# Function: doError Description:
# generic error function for catastrphic failures
# Arguments:
# msg: the error message to print
# help: True if printHelp should be called after, False otherwise
def doError(msg, help=False):
if help == True:
printHelp()
pprint('ERROR: %s\n' % msg)
sysvals.outputResult({'error':msg})
sys.exit()
# Function: printHelp
# Description:
# print out the help text
def printHelp():
pprint('\n%s v%s\n'\
'Usage: bootgraph <options> <command>\n'\
'\n'\
'Description:\n'\
' This tool reads in a dmesg log of linux kernel boot and\n'\
' creates an html representation of the boot timeline up to\n'\
' the start of the init process.\n'\
'\n'\
' If no specific command is given the tool reads the current dmesg\n'\
' and/or ftrace log and creates a timeline\n'\
'\n'\
' Generates output files in subdirectory: boot-yymmdd-HHMMSS\n'\
' HTML output: <hostname>_boot.html\n'\
' raw dmesg output: <hostname>_boot_dmesg.txt\n'\
' raw ftrace output: <hostname>_boot_ftrace.txt\n'\
'\n'\
'Options:\n'\
' -h Print this help text\n'\
' -v Print the current tool version\n'\
' -verbose Print extra information during execution and analysis\n'\
' -addlogs Add the dmesg log to the html output\n'\
' -result fn Export a results table to a text file for parsing.\n'\
' -o name Overrides the output subdirectory name when running a new test\n'\
' default: boot-{date}-{time}\n'\
' [advanced]\n'\
' -fstat Use ftrace to add function detail and statistics (default: disabled)\n'\
' -f/-callgraph Add callgraph detail, can be very large (default: disabled)\n'\
' -maxdepth N limit the callgraph data to N call levels (default: 2)\n'\
' -mincg ms Discard all callgraphs shorter than ms milliseconds (e.g. 0.001 for us)\n'\
' -timeprec N Number of significant digits in timestamps (0:S, 3:ms, [6:us])\n'\
' -expandcg pre-expand the callgraph data in the html output (default: disabled)\n'\
' -func list Limit ftrace to comma-delimited list of functions (default: do_one_initcall)\n'\
' -cgfilter S Filter the callgraph output in the timeline\n'\
' -cgskip file Callgraph functions to skip, off to disable (default: cgskip.txt)\n'\
' -bl name Use the following boot loader for kernel params (default: grub)\n'\
' -reboot Reboot the machine automatically and generate a new timeline\n'\
' -manual Show the steps to generate a new timeline manually (used with -reboot)\n'\
'\n'\
'Other commands:\n'\
' -flistall Print all functions capable of being captured in ftrace\n'\
' -sysinfo Print out system info extracted from BIOS\n'\
' -which exec Print an executable path, should function even without PATH\n'\
' [redo]\n'\
' -dmesg file Create HTML output using dmesg input (used with -ftrace)\n'\
' -ftrace file Create HTML output using ftrace input (used with -dmesg)\n'\
'' % (sysvals.title, sysvals.version))
return True
# ----------------- MAIN --------------------
# exec start (skipped if script is loaded as library)
if __name__ == '__main__':
# loop through the command line arguments
cmd = ''
testrun = True
switchoff = ['disable', 'off', 'false', '0']
simplecmds = ['-sysinfo', '-kpupdate', '-flistall', '-checkbl']
cgskip = ''
if '-f' in sys.argv:
cgskip = sysvals.configFile('cgskip.txt')
args = iter(sys.argv[1:])
mdset = False
for arg in args:
if(arg == '-h'):
printHelp()
sys.exit()
elif(arg == '-v'):
pprint("Version %s" % sysvals.version)
sys.exit()
elif(arg == '-verbose'):
sysvals.verbose = True
elif(arg in simplecmds):
cmd = arg[1:]
elif(arg == '-fstat'):
sysvals.useftrace = True
elif(arg == '-callgraph' or arg == '-f'):
sysvals.useftrace = True
sysvals.usecallgraph = True
elif(arg == '-cgdump'):
sysvals.cgdump = True
elif(arg == '-mincg'):
sysvals.mincglen = aslib.getArgFloat('-mincg', args, 0.0, 10000.0)
elif(arg == '-cgfilter'):
try:
val = next(args)
except:
doError('No callgraph functions supplied', True)
sysvals.setCallgraphFilter(val)
elif(arg == '-cgskip'):
try:
val = next(args)
except:
doError('No file supplied', True)
if val.lower() in switchoff:
cgskip = ''
else:
cgskip = sysvals.configFile(val)
if(not cgskip):
doError('%s does not exist' % cgskip)
elif(arg == '-bl'):
try:
val = next(args)
except:
doError('No boot loader name supplied', True)
if val.lower() not in ['grub']:
doError('Unknown boot loader: %s' % val, True)
sysvals.bootloader = val.lower()
elif(arg == '-timeprec'):
sysvals.setPrecision(aslib.getArgInt('-timeprec', args, 0, 6))
elif(arg == '-maxdepth'):
mdset = True
sysvals.max_graph_depth = aslib.getArgInt('-maxdepth', args, 0, 1000)
elif(arg == '-func'):
try:
val = next(args)
except:
doError('No filter functions supplied', True)
sysvals.useftrace = True
sysvals.usecallgraph = True
sysvals.rootCheck(True)
sysvals.setGraphFilter(val)
elif(arg == '-ftrace'):
try:
val = next(args)
except:
doError('No ftrace file supplied', True)
if(os.path.exists(val) == False):
doError('%s does not exist' % val)
testrun = False
sysvals.ftracefile = val
elif(arg == '-addlogs'):
sysvals.dmesglog = True
elif(arg == '-expandcg'):
sysvals.cgexp = True
elif(arg == '-dmesg'):
try:
val = next(args)
except:
doError('No dmesg file supplied', True)
if(os.path.exists(val) == False):
doError('%s does not exist' % val)
testrun = False
sysvals.dmesgfile = val
elif(arg == '-o'):
try:
val = next(args)
except:
doError('No subdirectory name supplied', True)
sysvals.testdir = sysvals.setOutputFolder(val)
elif(arg == '-result'):
try:
val = next(args)
except:
doError('No result file supplied', True)
sysvals.result = val
elif(arg == '-reboot'):
sysvals.reboot = True
elif(arg == '-manual'):
sysvals.reboot = True
sysvals.manual = True
# remaining options are only for cron job use
elif(arg == '-cronjob'):
sysvals.iscronjob = True
elif(arg == '-which'):
try:
val = next(args)
except:
doError('No executable supplied', True)
out = sysvals.getExec(val)
if not out:
print('%s not found' % val)
sys.exit(1)
print(out)
sys.exit(0)
else:
doError('Invalid argument: '+arg, True)
# compatibility errors and access checks
if(sysvals.iscronjob and (sysvals.reboot or \
sysvals.dmesgfile or sysvals.ftracefile or cmd)):
doError('-cronjob is meant for batch purposes only')
if(sysvals.reboot and (sysvals.dmesgfile or sysvals.ftracefile)):
doError('-reboot and -dmesg/-ftrace are incompatible')
if cmd or sysvals.reboot or sysvals.iscronjob or testrun:
sysvals.rootCheck(True)
if (testrun and sysvals.useftrace) or cmd == 'flistall':
if not sysvals.verifyFtrace():
doError('Ftrace is not properly enabled')
# run utility commands
sysvals.cpuInfo()
if cmd != '':
if cmd == 'kpupdate':
updateKernelParams()
elif cmd == 'flistall':
for f in sysvals.getBootFtraceFilterFunctions():
print(f)
elif cmd == 'checkbl':
sysvals.getBootLoader()
pprint('Boot Loader: %s\n%s' % (sysvals.bootloader, sysvals.blexec))
elif(cmd == 'sysinfo'):
sysvals.printSystemInfo(True)
sys.exit()
# reboot: update grub, setup a cronjob, and reboot
if sysvals.reboot:
if (sysvals.useftrace or sysvals.usecallgraph) and \
not sysvals.checkFtraceKernelVersion():
doError('Ftrace functionality requires kernel v4.10 or newer')
if not sysvals.manual:
updateKernelParams()
updateCron()
call('reboot')
else:
sysvals.manualRebootRequired()
sys.exit()
if sysvals.usecallgraph and cgskip:
sysvals.vprint('Using cgskip file: %s' % cgskip)
sysvals.setCallgraphBlacklist(cgskip)
# cronjob: remove the cronjob, grub changes, and disable ftrace
if sysvals.iscronjob:
updateCron(True)
updateKernelParams(True)
try:
sysvals.fsetVal('0', 'tracing_on')
except:
pass
# testrun: generate copies of the logs
if testrun:
retrieveLogs()
else:
sysvals.setOutputFile()
# process the log data
if sysvals.dmesgfile:
if not mdset:
sysvals.max_graph_depth = 0
data = parseKernelLog()
if(not data.valid):
doError('No initcall data found in %s' % sysvals.dmesgfile)
if sysvals.useftrace and sysvals.ftracefile:
parseTraceLog(data)
if sysvals.cgdump:
data.debugPrint()
sys.exit()
else:
doError('dmesg file required')
sysvals.vprint('Creating the html timeline (%s)...' % sysvals.htmlfile)
sysvals.vprint('Command:\n %s' % sysvals.cmdline)
sysvals.vprint('Kernel parameters:\n %s' % sysvals.kparams)
data.printDetails()
createBootGraph(data)
# if running as root, change output dir owner to sudo_user
if testrun and os.path.isdir(sysvals.testdir) and \
os.getuid() == 0 and 'SUDO_USER' in os.environ:
cmd = 'chown -R {0}:{0} {1} > /dev/null 2>&1'
call(cmd.format(os.environ['SUDO_USER'], sysvals.testdir), shell=True)
sysvals.stamp['boot'] = (data.tUserMode - data.start) * 1000
sysvals.stamp['lastinit'] = data.end * 1000
sysvals.outputResult(sysvals.stamp)
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