// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/*
* Squashfs - a compressed read only filesystem for Linux
*
* Copyright (c) 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008
* Phillip Lougher <[email protected]>
*
* file.c
*/
/*
* This file contains code for handling regular files. A regular file
* consists of a sequence of contiguous compressed blocks, and/or a
* compressed fragment block (tail-end packed block). The compressed size
* of each datablock is stored in a block list contained within the
* file inode (itself stored in one or more compressed metadata blocks).
*
* To speed up access to datablocks when reading 'large' files (256 Mbytes or
* larger), the code implements an index cache that caches the mapping from
* block index to datablock location on disk.
*
* The index cache allows Squashfs to handle large files (up to 1.75 TiB) while
* retaining a simple and space-efficient block list on disk. The cache
* is split into slots, caching up to eight 224 GiB files (128 KiB blocks).
* Larger files use multiple slots, with 1.75 TiB files using all 8 slots.
* The index cache is designed to be memory efficient, and by default uses
* 16 KiB.
*/
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/vfs.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include "squashfs_fs.h"
#include "squashfs_fs_sb.h"
#include "squashfs_fs_i.h"
#include "squashfs.h"
#include "page_actor.h"
/*
* Locate cache slot in range [offset, index] for specified inode. If
* there's more than one return the slot closest to index.
*/
static struct meta_index *locate_meta_index(struct inode *inode, int offset,
int index)
{
struct meta_index *meta = NULL;
struct squashfs_sb_info *msblk = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
int i;
mutex_lock(&msblk->meta_index_mutex);
TRACE("locate_meta_index: index %d, offset %d\n", index, offset);
if (msblk->meta_index == NULL)
goto not_allocated;
for (i = 0; i < SQUASHFS_META_SLOTS; i++) {
if (msblk->meta_index[i].inode_number == inode->i_ino &&
msblk->meta_index[i].offset >= offset &&
msblk->meta_index[i].offset <= index &&
msblk->meta_index[i].locked == 0) {
TRACE("locate_meta_index: entry %d, offset %d\n", i,
msblk->meta_index[i].offset);
meta = &msblk->meta_index[i];
offset = meta->offset;
}
}
if (meta)
meta->locked = 1;
not_allocated:
mutex_unlock(&msblk->meta_index_mutex);
return meta;
}
/*
* Find and initialise an empty cache slot for index offset.
*/
static struct meta_index *empty_meta_index(struct inode *inode, int offset,
int skip)
{
struct squashfs_sb_info *msblk = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
struct meta_index *meta = NULL;
int i;
mutex_lock(&msblk->meta_index_mutex);
TRACE("empty_meta_index: offset %d, skip %d\n", offset, skip);
if (msblk->meta_index == NULL) {
/*
* First time cache index has been used, allocate and
* initialise. The cache index could be allocated at
* mount time but doing it here means it is allocated only
* if a 'large' file is read.
*/
msblk->meta_index = kcalloc(SQUASHFS_META_SLOTS,
sizeof(*(msblk->meta_index)), GFP_KERNEL);
if (msblk->meta_index == NULL) {
ERROR("Failed to allocate meta_index\n");
goto failed;
}
for (i = 0; i < SQUASHFS_META_SLOTS; i++) {
msblk->meta_index[i].inode_number = 0;
msblk->meta_index[i].locked = 0;
}
msblk->next_meta_index = 0;
}
for (i = SQUASHFS_META_SLOTS; i &&
msblk->meta_index[msblk->next_meta_index].locked; i--)
msblk->next_meta_index = (msblk->next_meta_index + 1) %
SQUASHFS_META_SLOTS;
if (i == 0) {
TRACE("empty_meta_index: failed!\n");
goto failed;
}
TRACE("empty_meta_index: returned meta entry %d, %p\n",
msblk->next_meta_index,
&msblk->meta_index[msblk->next_meta_index]);
meta = &msblk->meta_index[msblk->next_meta_index];
msblk->next_meta_index = (msblk->next_meta_index + 1) %
SQUASHFS_META_SLOTS;
meta->inode_number = inode->i_ino;
meta->offset = offset;
meta->skip = skip;
meta->entries = 0;
meta->locked = 1;
failed:
mutex_unlock(&msblk->meta_index_mutex);
return meta;
}
static void release_meta_index(struct inode *inode, struct meta_index *meta)
{
struct squashfs_sb_info *msblk = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
mutex_lock(&msblk->meta_index_mutex);
meta->locked = 0;
mutex_unlock(&msblk->meta_index_mutex);
}
/*
* Read the next n blocks from the block list, starting from
* metadata block <start_block, offset>.
*/
static long long read_indexes(struct super_block *sb, int n,
u64 *start_block, int *offset)
{
int err, i;
long long block = 0;
__le32 *blist = kmalloc(PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
if (blist == NULL) {
ERROR("read_indexes: Failed to allocate block_list\n");
return -ENOMEM;
}
while (n) {
int blocks = min_t(int, n, PAGE_SIZE >> 2);
err = squashfs_read_metadata(sb, blist, start_block,
offset, blocks << 2);
if (err < 0) {
ERROR("read_indexes: reading block [%llx:%x]\n",
*start_block, *offset);
goto failure;
}
for (i = 0; i < blocks; i++) {
int size = squashfs_block_size(blist[i]);
if (size < 0) {
err = size;
goto failure;
}
block += SQUASHFS_COMPRESSED_SIZE_BLOCK(size);
}
n -= blocks;
}
kfree(blist);
return block;
failure:
kfree(blist);
return err;
}
/*
* Each cache index slot has SQUASHFS_META_ENTRIES, each of which
* can cache one index -> datablock/blocklist-block mapping. We wish
* to distribute these over the length of the file, entry[0] maps index x,
* entry[1] maps index x + skip, entry[2] maps index x + 2 * skip, and so on.
* The larger the file, the greater the skip factor. The skip factor is
* limited to the size of the metadata cache (SQUASHFS_CACHED_BLKS) to ensure
* the number of metadata blocks that need to be read fits into the cache.
* If the skip factor is limited in this way then the file will use multiple
* slots.
*/
static inline int calculate_skip(u64 blocks)
{
u64 skip = blocks / ((SQUASHFS_META_ENTRIES + 1)
* SQUASHFS_META_INDEXES);
return min((u64) SQUASHFS_CACHED_BLKS - 1, skip + 1);
}
/*
* Search and grow the index cache for the specified inode, returning the
* on-disk locations of the datablock and block list metadata block
* <index_block, index_offset> for index (scaled to nearest cache index).
*/
static int fill_meta_index(struct inode *inode, int index,
u64 *index_block, int *index_offset, u64 *data_block)
{
struct squashfs_sb_info *msblk = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
int skip = calculate_skip(i_size_read(inode) >> msblk->block_log);
int offset = 0;
struct meta_index *meta;
struct meta_entry *meta_entry;
u64 cur_index_block = squashfs_i(inode)->block_list_start;
int cur_offset = squashfs_i(inode)->offset;
u64 cur_data_block = squashfs_i(inode)->start;
int err, i;
/*
* Scale index to cache index (cache slot entry)
*/
index /= SQUASHFS_META_INDEXES * skip;
while (offset < index) {
meta = locate_meta_index(inode, offset + 1, index);
if (meta == NULL) {
meta = empty_meta_index(inode, offset + 1, skip);
if (meta == NULL)
goto all_done;
} else {
offset = index < meta->offset + meta->entries ? index :
meta->offset + meta->entries - 1;
meta_entry = &meta->meta_entry[offset - meta->offset];
cur_index_block = meta_entry->index_block +
msblk->inode_table;
cur_offset = meta_entry->offset;
cur_data_block = meta_entry->data_block;
TRACE("get_meta_index: offset %d, meta->offset %d, "
"meta->entries %d\n", offset, meta->offset,
meta->entries);
TRACE("get_meta_index: index_block 0x%llx, offset 0x%x"
" data_block 0x%llx\n", cur_index_block,
cur_offset, cur_data_block);
}
/*
* If necessary grow cache slot by reading block list. Cache
* slot is extended up to index or to the end of the slot, in
* which case further slots will be used.
*/
for (i = meta->offset + meta->entries; i <= index &&
i < meta->offset + SQUASHFS_META_ENTRIES; i++) {
int blocks = skip * SQUASHFS_META_INDEXES;
long long res = read_indexes(inode->i_sb, blocks,
&cur_index_block, &cur_offset);
if (res < 0) {
if (meta->entries == 0)
/*
* Don't leave an empty slot on read
* error allocated to this inode...
*/
meta->inode_number = 0;
err = res;
goto failed;
}
cur_data_block += res;
meta_entry = &meta->meta_entry[i - meta->offset];
meta_entry->index_block = cur_index_block -
msblk->inode_table;
meta_entry->offset = cur_offset;
meta_entry->data_block = cur_data_block;
meta->entries++;
offset++;
}
TRACE("get_meta_index: meta->offset %d, meta->entries %d\n",
meta->offset, meta->entries);
release_meta_index(inode, meta);
}
all_done:
*index_block = cur_index_block;
*index_offset = cur_offset;
*data_block = cur_data_block;
/*
* Scale cache index (cache slot entry) to index
*/
return offset * SQUASHFS_META_INDEXES * skip;
failed:
release_meta_index(inode, meta);
return err;
}
/*
* Get the on-disk location and compressed size of the datablock
* specified by index. Fill_meta_index() does most of the work.
*/
static int read_blocklist(struct inode *inode, int index, u64 *block)
{
u64 start;
long long blks;
int offset;
__le32 size;
int res = fill_meta_index(inode, index, &start, &offset, block);
TRACE("read_blocklist: res %d, index %d, start 0x%llx, offset"
" 0x%x, block 0x%llx\n", res, index, start, offset,
*block);
if (res < 0)
return res;
/*
* res contains the index of the mapping returned by fill_meta_index(),
* this will likely be less than the desired index (because the
* meta_index cache works at a higher granularity). Read any
* extra block indexes needed.
*/
if (res < index) {
blks = read_indexes(inode->i_sb, index - res, &start, &offset);
if (blks < 0)
return (int) blks;
*block += blks;
}
/*
* Read length of block specified by index.
*/
res = squashfs_read_metadata(inode->i_sb, &size, &start, &offset,
sizeof(size));
if (res < 0)
return res;
return squashfs_block_size(size);
}
void squashfs_fill_page(struct page *page, struct squashfs_cache_entry *buffer, int offset, int avail)
{
int copied;
void *pageaddr;
pageaddr = kmap_atomic(page);
copied = squashfs_copy_data(pageaddr, buffer, offset, avail);
memset(pageaddr + copied, 0, PAGE_SIZE - copied);
kunmap_atomic(pageaddr);
flush_dcache_page(page);
if (copied == avail)
SetPageUptodate(page);
}
/* Copy data into page cache */
void squashfs_copy_cache(struct page *page, struct squashfs_cache_entry *buffer,
int bytes, int offset)
{
struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
struct squashfs_sb_info *msblk = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
int i, mask = (1 << (msblk->block_log - PAGE_SHIFT)) - 1;
int start_index = page->index & ~mask, end_index = start_index | mask;
/*
* Loop copying datablock into pages. As the datablock likely covers
* many PAGE_SIZE pages (default block size is 128 KiB) explicitly
* grab the pages from the page cache, except for the page that we've
* been called to fill.
*/
for (i = start_index; i <= end_index && bytes > 0; i++,
bytes -= PAGE_SIZE, offset += PAGE_SIZE) {
struct page *push_page;
int avail = buffer ? min_t(int, bytes, PAGE_SIZE) : 0;
TRACE("bytes %d, i %d, available_bytes %d\n", bytes, i, avail);
push_page = (i == page->index) ? page :
grab_cache_page_nowait(page->mapping, i);
if (!push_page)
continue;
if (PageUptodate(push_page))
goto skip_page;
squashfs_fill_page(push_page, buffer, offset, avail);
skip_page:
unlock_page(push_page);
if (i != page->index)
put_page(push_page);
}
}
/* Read datablock stored packed inside a fragment (tail-end packed block) */
static int squashfs_readpage_fragment(struct page *page, int expected)
{
struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
struct squashfs_cache_entry *buffer = squashfs_get_fragment(inode->i_sb,
squashfs_i(inode)->fragment_block,
squashfs_i(inode)->fragment_size);
int res = buffer->error;
if (res)
ERROR("Unable to read page, block %llx, size %x\n",
squashfs_i(inode)->fragment_block,
squashfs_i(inode)->fragment_size);
else
squashfs_copy_cache(page, buffer, expected,
squashfs_i(inode)->fragment_offset);
squashfs_cache_put(buffer);
return res;
}
static int squashfs_readpage_sparse(struct page *page, int expected)
{
squashfs_copy_cache(page, NULL, expected, 0);
return 0;
}
static int squashfs_read_folio(struct file *file, struct folio *folio)
{
struct page *page = &folio->page;
struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
struct squashfs_sb_info *msblk = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
int index = page->index >> (msblk->block_log - PAGE_SHIFT);
int file_end = i_size_read(inode) >> msblk->block_log;
int expected = index == file_end ?
(i_size_read(inode) & (msblk->block_size - 1)) :
msblk->block_size;
int res = 0;
void *pageaddr;
TRACE("Entered squashfs_readpage, page index %lx, start block %llx\n",
page->index, squashfs_i(inode)->start);
if (page->index >= ((i_size_read(inode) + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >>
PAGE_SHIFT))
goto out;
if (index < file_end || squashfs_i(inode)->fragment_block ==
SQUASHFS_INVALID_BLK) {
u64 block = 0;
res = read_blocklist(inode, index, &block);
if (res < 0)
goto out;
if (res == 0)
res = squashfs_readpage_sparse(page, expected);
else
res = squashfs_readpage_block(page, block, res, expected);
} else
res = squashfs_readpage_fragment(page, expected);
if (!res)
return 0;
out:
pageaddr = kmap_atomic(page);
memset(pageaddr, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
kunmap_atomic(pageaddr);
flush_dcache_page(page);
if (res == 0)
SetPageUptodate(page);
unlock_page(page);
return res;
}
static int squashfs_readahead_fragment(struct page **page,
unsigned int pages, unsigned int expected, loff_t start)
{
struct inode *inode = page[0]->mapping->host;
struct squashfs_cache_entry *buffer = squashfs_get_fragment(inode->i_sb,
squashfs_i(inode)->fragment_block,
squashfs_i(inode)->fragment_size);
struct squashfs_sb_info *msblk = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
int i, bytes, copied;
struct squashfs_page_actor *actor;
unsigned int offset;
void *addr;
struct page *last_page;
if (buffer->error)
goto out;
actor = squashfs_page_actor_init_special(msblk, page, pages,
expected, start);
if (!actor)
goto out;
squashfs_actor_nobuff(actor);
addr = squashfs_first_page(actor);
for (copied = offset = 0; offset < expected; offset += PAGE_SIZE) {
int avail = min_t(int, expected - offset, PAGE_SIZE);
if (!IS_ERR(addr)) {
bytes = squashfs_copy_data(addr, buffer, offset +
squashfs_i(inode)->fragment_offset, avail);
if (bytes != avail)
goto failed;
}
copied += avail;
addr = squashfs_next_page(actor);
}
last_page = squashfs_page_actor_free(actor);
if (copied == expected && !IS_ERR(last_page)) {
/* Last page (if present) may have trailing bytes not filled */
bytes = copied % PAGE_SIZE;
if (bytes && last_page)
memzero_page(last_page, bytes, PAGE_SIZE - bytes);
for (i = 0; i < pages; i++) {
flush_dcache_page(page[i]);
SetPageUptodate(page[i]);
}
}
for (i = 0; i < pages; i++) {
unlock_page(page[i]);
put_page(page[i]);
}
squashfs_cache_put(buffer);
return 0;
failed:
squashfs_page_actor_free(actor);
out:
squashfs_cache_put(buffer);
return 1;
}
static void squashfs_readahead(struct readahead_control *ractl)
{
struct inode *inode = ractl->mapping->host;
struct squashfs_sb_info *msblk = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
size_t mask = (1UL << msblk->block_log) - 1;
unsigned short shift = msblk->block_log - PAGE_SHIFT;
loff_t start = readahead_pos(ractl) & ~mask;
size_t len = readahead_length(ractl) + readahead_pos(ractl) - start;
struct squashfs_page_actor *actor;
unsigned int nr_pages = 0;
struct page **pages;
int i;
loff_t file_end = i_size_read(inode) >> msblk->block_log;
unsigned int max_pages = 1UL << shift;
readahead_expand(ractl, start, (len | mask) + 1);
pages = kmalloc_array(max_pages, sizeof(void *), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!pages)
return;
for (;;) {
int res, bsize;
u64 block = 0;
unsigned int expected;
struct page *last_page;
expected = start >> msblk->block_log == file_end ?
(i_size_read(inode) & (msblk->block_size - 1)) :
msblk->block_size;
max_pages = (expected + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
nr_pages = __readahead_batch(ractl, pages, max_pages);
if (!nr_pages)
break;
if (readahead_pos(ractl) >= i_size_read(inode))
goto skip_pages;
if (start >> msblk->block_log == file_end &&
squashfs_i(inode)->fragment_block != SQUASHFS_INVALID_BLK) {
res = squashfs_readahead_fragment(pages, nr_pages,
expected, start);
if (res)
goto skip_pages;
continue;
}
bsize = read_blocklist(inode, start >> msblk->block_log, &block);
if (bsize == 0)
goto skip_pages;
actor = squashfs_page_actor_init_special(msblk, pages, nr_pages,
expected, start);
if (!actor)
goto skip_pages;
res = squashfs_read_data(inode->i_sb, block, bsize, NULL, actor);
last_page = squashfs_page_actor_free(actor);
if (res == expected && !IS_ERR(last_page)) {
int bytes;
/* Last page (if present) may have trailing bytes not filled */
bytes = res % PAGE_SIZE;
if (start >> msblk->block_log == file_end && bytes && last_page)
memzero_page(last_page, bytes,
PAGE_SIZE - bytes);
for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
flush_dcache_page(pages[i]);
SetPageUptodate(pages[i]);
}
}
for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
unlock_page(pages[i]);
put_page(pages[i]);
}
start += readahead_batch_length(ractl);
}
kfree(pages);
return;
skip_pages:
for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
unlock_page(pages[i]);
put_page(pages[i]);
}
kfree(pages);
}
const struct address_space_operations squashfs_aops = {
.read_folio = squashfs_read_folio,
.readahead = squashfs_readahead
};
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