// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/lib/string.c
*
* Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
*/
/*
* This file should be used only for "library" routines that may have
* alternative implementations on specific architectures (generally
* found in <asm-xx/string.h>), or get overloaded by FORTIFY_SOURCE.
* (Specifically, this file is built with __NO_FORTIFY.)
*
* Other helper functions should live in string_helpers.c.
*/
#define __NO_FORTIFY
#include <linux/bits.h>
#include <linux/bug.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/limits.h>
#include <linux/linkage.h>
#include <linux/stddef.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <asm/page.h>
#include <asm/rwonce.h>
#include <linux/unaligned.h>
#include <asm/word-at-a-time.h>
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCASECMP
/**
* strncasecmp - Case insensitive, length-limited string comparison
* @s1: One string
* @s2: The other string
* @len: the maximum number of characters to compare
*/
int strncasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t len)
{
/* Yes, Virginia, it had better be unsigned */
unsigned char c1, c2;
if (!len)
return 0;
do {
c1 = *s1++;
c2 = *s2++;
if (!c1 || !c2)
break;
if (c1 == c2)
continue;
c1 = tolower(c1);
c2 = tolower(c2);
if (c1 != c2)
break;
} while (--len);
return (int)c1 - (int)c2;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strncasecmp);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCASECMP
int strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2)
{
int c1, c2;
do {
c1 = tolower(*s1++);
c2 = tolower(*s2++);
} while (c1 == c2 && c1 != 0);
return c1 - c2;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strcasecmp);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCPY
char *strcpy(char *dest, const char *src)
{
char *tmp = dest;
while ((*dest++ = *src++) != '\0')
/* nothing */;
return tmp;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strcpy);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCPY
char *strncpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t count)
{
char *tmp = dest;
while (count) {
if ((*tmp = *src) != 0)
src++;
tmp++;
count--;
}
return dest;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strncpy);
#endif
ssize_t sized_strscpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t count)
{
const struct word_at_a_time constants = WORD_AT_A_TIME_CONSTANTS;
size_t max = count;
long res = 0;
if (count == 0 || WARN_ON_ONCE(count > INT_MAX))
return -E2BIG;
#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS
/*
* If src is unaligned, don't cross a page boundary,
* since we don't know if the next page is mapped.
*/
if ((long)src & (sizeof(long) - 1)) {
size_t limit = PAGE_SIZE - ((long)src & (PAGE_SIZE - 1));
if (limit < max)
max = limit;
}
#else
/* If src or dest is unaligned, don't do word-at-a-time. */
if (((long) dest | (long) src) & (sizeof(long) - 1))
max = 0;
#endif
/*
* read_word_at_a_time() below may read uninitialized bytes after the
* trailing zero and use them in comparisons. Disable this optimization
* under KMSAN to prevent false positive reports.
*/
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KMSAN))
max = 0;
while (max >= sizeof(unsigned long)) {
unsigned long c, data;
c = read_word_at_a_time(src+res);
if (has_zero(c, &data, &constants)) {
data = prep_zero_mask(c, data, &constants);
data = create_zero_mask(data);
*(unsigned long *)(dest+res) = c & zero_bytemask(data);
return res + find_zero(data);
}
*(unsigned long *)(dest+res) = c;
res += sizeof(unsigned long);
count -= sizeof(unsigned long);
max -= sizeof(unsigned long);
}
while (count) {
char c;
c = src[res];
dest[res] = c;
if (!c)
return res;
res++;
count--;
}
/* Hit buffer length without finding a NUL; force NUL-termination. */
if (res)
dest[res-1] = '\0';
return -E2BIG;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(sized_strscpy);
/**
* stpcpy - copy a string from src to dest returning a pointer to the new end
* of dest, including src's %NUL-terminator. May overrun dest.
* @dest: pointer to end of string being copied into. Must be large enough
* to receive copy.
* @src: pointer to the beginning of string being copied from. Must not overlap
* dest.
*
* stpcpy differs from strcpy in a key way: the return value is a pointer
* to the new %NUL-terminating character in @dest. (For strcpy, the return
* value is a pointer to the start of @dest). This interface is considered
* unsafe as it doesn't perform bounds checking of the inputs. As such it's
* not recommended for usage. Instead, its definition is provided in case
* the compiler lowers other libcalls to stpcpy.
*/
char *stpcpy(char *__restrict__ dest, const char *__restrict__ src);
char *stpcpy(char *__restrict__ dest, const char *__restrict__ src)
{
while ((*dest++ = *src++) != '\0')
/* nothing */;
return --dest;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(stpcpy);
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCAT
char *strcat(char *dest, const char *src)
{
char *tmp = dest;
while (*dest)
dest++;
while ((*dest++ = *src++) != '\0')
;
return tmp;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strcat);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCAT
char *strncat(char *dest, const char *src, size_t count)
{
char *tmp = dest;
if (count) {
while (*dest)
dest++;
while ((*dest++ = *src++) != 0) {
if (--count == 0) {
*dest = '\0';
break;
}
}
}
return tmp;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strncat);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRLCAT
size_t strlcat(char *dest, const char *src, size_t count)
{
size_t dsize = strlen(dest);
size_t len = strlen(src);
size_t res = dsize + len;
/* This would be a bug */
BUG_ON(dsize >= count);
dest += dsize;
count -= dsize;
if (len >= count)
len = count-1;
__builtin_memcpy(dest, src, len);
dest[len] = 0;
return res;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strlcat);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCMP
/**
* strcmp - Compare two strings
* @cs: One string
* @ct: Another string
*/
int strcmp(const char *cs, const char *ct)
{
unsigned char c1, c2;
while (1) {
c1 = *cs++;
c2 = *ct++;
if (c1 != c2)
return c1 < c2 ? -1 : 1;
if (!c1)
break;
}
return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strcmp);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCMP
/**
* strncmp - Compare two length-limited strings
* @cs: One string
* @ct: Another string
* @count: The maximum number of bytes to compare
*/
int strncmp(const char *cs, const char *ct, size_t count)
{
unsigned char c1, c2;
while (count) {
c1 = *cs++;
c2 = *ct++;
if (c1 != c2)
return c1 < c2 ? -1 : 1;
if (!c1)
break;
count--;
}
return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strncmp);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCHR
/**
* strchr - Find the first occurrence of a character in a string
* @s: The string to be searched
* @c: The character to search for
*
* Note that the %NUL-terminator is considered part of the string, and can
* be searched for.
*/
char *strchr(const char *s, int c)
{
for (; *s != (char)c; ++s)
if (*s == '\0')
return NULL;
return (char *)s;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strchr);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCHRNUL
/**
* strchrnul - Find and return a character in a string, or end of string
* @s: The string to be searched
* @c: The character to search for
*
* Returns pointer to first occurrence of 'c' in s. If c is not found, then
* return a pointer to the null byte at the end of s.
*/
char *strchrnul(const char *s, int c)
{
while (*s && *s != (char)c)
s++;
return (char *)s;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strchrnul);
#endif
/**
* strnchrnul - Find and return a character in a length limited string,
* or end of string
* @s: The string to be searched
* @count: The number of characters to be searched
* @c: The character to search for
*
* Returns pointer to the first occurrence of 'c' in s. If c is not found,
* then return a pointer to the last character of the string.
*/
char *strnchrnul(const char *s, size_t count, int c)
{
while (count-- && *s && *s != (char)c)
s++;
return (char *)s;
}
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRRCHR
/**
* strrchr - Find the last occurrence of a character in a string
* @s: The string to be searched
* @c: The character to search for
*/
char *strrchr(const char *s, int c)
{
const char *last = NULL;
do {
if (*s == (char)c)
last = s;
} while (*s++);
return (char *)last;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strrchr);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCHR
/**
* strnchr - Find a character in a length limited string
* @s: The string to be searched
* @count: The number of characters to be searched
* @c: The character to search for
*
* Note that the %NUL-terminator is considered part of the string, and can
* be searched for.
*/
char *strnchr(const char *s, size_t count, int c)
{
while (count--) {
if (*s == (char)c)
return (char *)s;
if (*s++ == '\0')
break;
}
return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strnchr);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRLEN
size_t strlen(const char *s)
{
const char *sc;
for (sc = s; *sc != '\0'; ++sc)
/* nothing */;
return sc - s;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strlen);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNLEN
size_t strnlen(const char *s, size_t count)
{
const char *sc;
for (sc = s; count-- && *sc != '\0'; ++sc)
/* nothing */;
return sc - s;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strnlen);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSPN
/**
* strspn - Calculate the length of the initial substring of @s which only contain letters in @accept
* @s: The string to be searched
* @accept: The string to search for
*/
size_t strspn(const char *s, const char *accept)
{
const char *p;
for (p = s; *p != '\0'; ++p) {
if (!strchr(accept, *p))
break;
}
return p - s;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strspn);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCSPN
/**
* strcspn - Calculate the length of the initial substring of @s which does not contain letters in @reject
* @s: The string to be searched
* @reject: The string to avoid
*/
size_t strcspn(const char *s, const char *reject)
{
const char *p;
for (p = s; *p != '\0'; ++p) {
if (strchr(reject, *p))
break;
}
return p - s;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strcspn);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRPBRK
/**
* strpbrk - Find the first occurrence of a set of characters
* @cs: The string to be searched
* @ct: The characters to search for
*/
char *strpbrk(const char *cs, const char *ct)
{
const char *sc;
for (sc = cs; *sc != '\0'; ++sc) {
if (strchr(ct, *sc))
return (char *)sc;
}
return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strpbrk);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSEP
/**
* strsep - Split a string into tokens
* @s: The string to be searched
* @ct: The characters to search for
*
* strsep() updates @s to point after the token, ready for the next call.
*
* It returns empty tokens, too, behaving exactly like the libc function
* of that name. In fact, it was stolen from glibc2 and de-fancy-fied.
* Same semantics, slimmer shape. ;)
*/
char *strsep(char **s, const char *ct)
{
char *sbegin = *s;
char *end;
if (sbegin == NULL)
return NULL;
end = strpbrk(sbegin, ct);
if (end)
*end++ = '\0';
*s = end;
return sbegin;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strsep);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET
/**
* memset - Fill a region of memory with the given value
* @s: Pointer to the start of the area.
* @c: The byte to fill the area with
* @count: The size of the area.
*
* Do not use memset() to access IO space, use memset_io() instead.
*/
void *memset(void *s, int c, size_t count)
{
char *xs = s;
while (count--)
*xs++ = c;
return s;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memset);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET16
/**
* memset16() - Fill a memory area with a uint16_t
* @s: Pointer to the start of the area.
* @v: The value to fill the area with
* @count: The number of values to store
*
* Differs from memset() in that it fills with a uint16_t instead
* of a byte. Remember that @count is the number of uint16_ts to
* store, not the number of bytes.
*/
void *memset16(uint16_t *s, uint16_t v, size_t count)
{
uint16_t *xs = s;
while (count--)
*xs++ = v;
return s;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memset16);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET32
/**
* memset32() - Fill a memory area with a uint32_t
* @s: Pointer to the start of the area.
* @v: The value to fill the area with
* @count: The number of values to store
*
* Differs from memset() in that it fills with a uint32_t instead
* of a byte. Remember that @count is the number of uint32_ts to
* store, not the number of bytes.
*/
void *memset32(uint32_t *s, uint32_t v, size_t count)
{
uint32_t *xs = s;
while (count--)
*xs++ = v;
return s;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memset32);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET64
/**
* memset64() - Fill a memory area with a uint64_t
* @s: Pointer to the start of the area.
* @v: The value to fill the area with
* @count: The number of values to store
*
* Differs from memset() in that it fills with a uint64_t instead
* of a byte. Remember that @count is the number of uint64_ts to
* store, not the number of bytes.
*/
void *memset64(uint64_t *s, uint64_t v, size_t count)
{
uint64_t *xs = s;
while (count--)
*xs++ = v;
return s;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memset64);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCPY
/**
* memcpy - Copy one area of memory to another
* @dest: Where to copy to
* @src: Where to copy from
* @count: The size of the area.
*
* You should not use this function to access IO space, use memcpy_toio()
* or memcpy_fromio() instead.
*/
void *memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, size_t count)
{
char *tmp = dest;
const char *s = src;
while (count--)
*tmp++ = *s++;
return dest;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memcpy);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMMOVE
/**
* memmove - Copy one area of memory to another
* @dest: Where to copy to
* @src: Where to copy from
* @count: The size of the area.
*
* Unlike memcpy(), memmove() copes with overlapping areas.
*/
void *memmove(void *dest, const void *src, size_t count)
{
char *tmp;
const char *s;
if (dest <= src) {
tmp = dest;
s = src;
while (count--)
*tmp++ = *s++;
} else {
tmp = dest;
tmp += count;
s = src;
s += count;
while (count--)
*--tmp = *--s;
}
return dest;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memmove);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCMP
/**
* memcmp - Compare two areas of memory
* @cs: One area of memory
* @ct: Another area of memory
* @count: The size of the area.
*/
#undef memcmp
__visible int memcmp(const void *cs, const void *ct, size_t count)
{
const unsigned char *su1, *su2;
int res = 0;
#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS
if (count >= sizeof(unsigned long)) {
const unsigned long *u1 = cs;
const unsigned long *u2 = ct;
do {
if (get_unaligned(u1) != get_unaligned(u2))
break;
u1++;
u2++;
count -= sizeof(unsigned long);
} while (count >= sizeof(unsigned long));
cs = u1;
ct = u2;
}
#endif
for (su1 = cs, su2 = ct; 0 < count; ++su1, ++su2, count--)
if ((res = *su1 - *su2) != 0)
break;
return res;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memcmp);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_BCMP
/**
* bcmp - returns 0 if and only if the buffers have identical contents.
* @a: pointer to first buffer.
* @b: pointer to second buffer.
* @len: size of buffers.
*
* The sign or magnitude of a non-zero return value has no particular
* meaning, and architectures may implement their own more efficient bcmp(). So
* while this particular implementation is a simple (tail) call to memcmp, do
* not rely on anything but whether the return value is zero or non-zero.
*/
int bcmp(const void *a, const void *b, size_t len)
{
return memcmp(a, b, len);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(bcmp);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSCAN
/**
* memscan - Find a character in an area of memory.
* @addr: The memory area
* @c: The byte to search for
* @size: The size of the area.
*
* returns the address of the first occurrence of @c, or 1 byte past
* the area if @c is not found
*/
void *memscan(void *addr, int c, size_t size)
{
unsigned char *p = addr;
while (size) {
if (*p == (unsigned char)c)
return (void *)p;
p++;
size--;
}
return (void *)p;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memscan);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSTR
/**
* strstr - Find the first substring in a %NUL terminated string
* @s1: The string to be searched
* @s2: The string to search for
*/
char *strstr(const char *s1, const char *s2)
{
size_t l1, l2;
l2 = strlen(s2);
if (!l2)
return (char *)s1;
l1 = strlen(s1);
while (l1 >= l2) {
l1--;
if (!memcmp(s1, s2, l2))
return (char *)s1;
s1++;
}
return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strstr);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNSTR
/**
* strnstr - Find the first substring in a length-limited string
* @s1: The string to be searched
* @s2: The string to search for
* @len: the maximum number of characters to search
*/
char *strnstr(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t len)
{
size_t l2;
l2 = strlen(s2);
if (!l2)
return (char *)s1;
while (len >= l2) {
len--;
if (!memcmp(s1, s2, l2))
return (char *)s1;
s1++;
}
return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strnstr);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCHR
/**
* memchr - Find a character in an area of memory.
* @s: The memory area
* @c: The byte to search for
* @n: The size of the area.
*
* returns the address of the first occurrence of @c, or %NULL
* if @c is not found
*/
void *memchr(const void *s, int c, size_t n)
{
const unsigned char *p = s;
while (n-- != 0) {
if ((unsigned char)c == *p++) {
return (void *)(p - 1);
}
}
return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memchr);
#endif
static void *check_bytes8(const u8 *start, u8 value, unsigned int bytes)
{
while (bytes) {
if (*start != value)
return (void *)start;
start++;
bytes--;
}
return NULL;
}
/**
* memchr_inv - Find an unmatching character in an area of memory.
* @start: The memory area
* @c: Find a character other than c
* @bytes: The size of the area.
*
* returns the address of the first character other than @c, or %NULL
* if the whole buffer contains just @c.
*/
void *memchr_inv(const void *start, int c, size_t bytes)
{
u8 value = c;
u64 value64;
unsigned int words, prefix;
if (bytes <= 16)
return check_bytes8(start, value, bytes);
value64 = value;
#if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_FAST_MULTIPLIER) && BITS_PER_LONG == 64
value64 *= 0x0101010101010101ULL;
#elif defined(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_FAST_MULTIPLIER)
value64 *= 0x01010101;
value64 |= value64 << 32;
#else
value64 |= value64 << 8;
value64 |= value64 << 16;
value64 |= value64 << 32;
#endif
prefix = (unsigned long)start % 8;
if (prefix) {
u8 *r;
prefix = 8 - prefix;
r = check_bytes8(start, value, prefix);
if (r)
return r;
start += prefix;
bytes -= prefix;
}
words = bytes / 8;
while (words) {
if (*(u64 *)start != value64)
return check_bytes8(start, value, 8);
start += 8;
words--;
}
return check_bytes8(start, value, bytes % 8);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memchr_inv);
Codebase Browser
linux