// // Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors. // // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. // You may obtain a copy of the License at // // https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and // limitations under the License. // // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // any.h // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // // This header file define the `absl::any` type for holding a type-safe value // of any type. The 'absl::any` type is useful for providing a way to hold // something that is, as yet, unspecified. Such unspecified types // traditionally are passed between API boundaries until they are later cast to // their "destination" types. To cast to such a destination type, use // `absl::any_cast()`. Note that when casting an `absl::any`, you must cast it // to an explicit type; implicit conversions will throw. // // Example: // // auto a = absl::any(65); // absl::any_cast<int>(a); // 65 // absl::any_cast<char>(a); // throws absl::bad_any_cast // absl::any_cast<std::string>(a); // throws absl::bad_any_cast // // `absl::any` is a C++11 compatible version of the C++17 `std::any` abstraction // and is designed to be a drop-in replacement for code compliant with C++17. // // Traditionally, the behavior of casting to a temporary unspecified type has // been accomplished with the `void *` paradigm, where the pointer was to some // other unspecified type. `absl::any` provides an "owning" version of `void *` // that avoids issues of pointer management. // // Note: just as in the case of `void *`, use of `absl::any` (and its C++17 // version `std::any`) is a code smell indicating that your API might not be // constructed correctly. We have seen that most uses of `any` are unwarranted, // and `absl::any`, like `std::any`, is difficult to use properly. Before using // this abstraction, make sure that you should not instead be rewriting your // code to be more specific. // // Abseil has also released an `absl::variant` type (a C++11 compatible version // of the C++17 `std::variant`), which is generally preferred for use over // `absl::any`. #ifndef ABSL_TYPES_ANY_H_ #define ABSL_TYPES_ANY_H_ #include "absl/base/attributes.h" #include "absl/base/config.h" #include "absl/utility/utility.h" #ifdef ABSL_USES_STD_ANY #include <any> // IWYU pragma: export namespace absl { ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN any; any_cast; bad_any_cast; make_any; ABSL_NAMESPACE_END } // namespace absl #else // ABSL_USES_STD_ANY #include <algorithm> #include <cstddef> #include <initializer_list> #include <memory> #include <stdexcept> #include <type_traits> #include <typeinfo> #include <utility> #include "absl/base/internal/fast_type_id.h" #include "absl/meta/type_traits.h" #include "absl/types/bad_any_cast.h" namespace absl { ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN class any; // swap() // // Swaps two `absl::any` values. Equivalent to `x.swap(y) where `x` and `y` are // `absl::any` types. void swap(any& x, any& y) noexcept; // make_any() // // Constructs an `absl::any` of type `T` with the given arguments. template <typename T, typename... Args> any make_any(Args&&... args); // Overload of `absl::make_any()` for constructing an `absl::any` type from an // initializer list. template <typename T, typename U, typename... Args> any make_any(std::initializer_list<U> il, Args&&... args); // any_cast() // // Statically casts the value of a `const absl::any` type to the given type. // This function will throw `absl::bad_any_cast` if the stored value type of the // `absl::any` does not match the cast. // // `any_cast()` can also be used to get a reference to the internal storage iff // a reference type is passed as its `ValueType`: // // Example: // // absl::any my_any = std::vector<int>(); // absl::any_cast<std::vector<int>&>(my_any).push_back(42); template <typename ValueType> ValueType any_cast(const any& operand); // Overload of `any_cast()` to statically cast the value of a non-const // `absl::any` type to the given type. This function will throw // `absl::bad_any_cast` if the stored value type of the `absl::any` does not // match the cast. template <typename ValueType> ValueType any_cast(any& operand); // NOLINT(runtime/references) // Overload of `any_cast()` to statically cast the rvalue of an `absl::any` // type. This function will throw `absl::bad_any_cast` if the stored value type // of the `absl::any` does not match the cast. template <typename ValueType> ValueType any_cast(any&& operand); // Overload of `any_cast()` to statically cast the value of a const pointer // `absl::any` type to the given pointer type, or `nullptr` if the stored value // type of the `absl::any` does not match the cast. template <typename ValueType> const ValueType* any_cast(const any* operand) noexcept; // Overload of `any_cast()` to statically cast the value of a pointer // `absl::any` type to the given pointer type, or `nullptr` if the stored value // type of the `absl::any` does not match the cast. template <typename ValueType> ValueType* any_cast(any* operand) noexcept; // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // absl::any // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // // An `absl::any` object provides the facility to either store an instance of a // type, known as the "contained object", or no value. An `absl::any` is used to // store values of types that are unknown at compile time. The `absl::any` // object, when containing a value, must contain a value type; storing a // reference type is neither desired nor supported. // // An `absl::any` can only store a type that is copy-constructible; move-only // types are not allowed within an `any` object. // // Example: // // auto a = absl::any(65); // Literal, copyable // auto b = absl::any(std::vector<int>()); // Default-initialized, copyable // std::unique_ptr<Foo> my_foo; // auto c = absl::any(std::move(my_foo)); // Error, not copy-constructible // // Note that `absl::any` makes use of decayed types (`absl::decay_t` in this // context) to remove const-volatile qualifiers (known as "cv qualifiers"), // decay functions to function pointers, etc. We essentially "decay" a given // type into its essential type. // // `absl::any` makes use of decayed types when determining the basic type `T` of // the value to store in the any's contained object. In the documentation below, // we explicitly denote this by using the phrase "a decayed type of `T`". // // Example: // // const int a = 4; // absl::any foo(a); // Decay ensures we store an "int", not a "const int&". // // void my_function() {} // absl::any bar(my_function); // Decay ensures we store a function pointer. // // `absl::any` is a C++11 compatible version of the C++17 `std::any` abstraction // and is designed to be a drop-in replacement for code compliant with C++17. class any { private: template <typename T> struct IsInPlaceType; public: // Constructors // Constructs an empty `absl::any` object (`any::has_value()` will return // `false`). constexpr any() noexcept; // Copy constructs an `absl::any` object with a "contained object" of the // passed type of `other` (or an empty `absl::any` if `other.has_value()` is // `false`. any(const any& other) : obj_(other.has_value() ? other.obj_->Clone() : std::unique_ptr<ObjInterface>()) {} // Move constructs an `absl::any` object with a "contained object" of the // passed type of `other` (or an empty `absl::any` if `other.has_value()` is // `false`). any(any&& other) noexcept = default; // Constructs an `absl::any` object with a "contained object" of the decayed // type of `T`, which is initialized via `std::forward<T>(value)`. // // This constructor will not participate in overload resolution if the // decayed type of `T` is not copy-constructible. template < typename T, typename VT = absl::decay_t<T>, absl::enable_if_t<!absl::disjunction< std::is_same<any, VT>, IsInPlaceType<VT>, absl::negation<std::is_copy_constructible<VT> > >::value>* = nullptr> any(T&& value) : obj_(new Obj<VT>(in_place, std::forward<T>(value))) {} // Constructs an `absl::any` object with a "contained object" of the decayed // type of `T`, which is initialized via `std::forward<T>(value)`. template <typename T, typename... Args, typename VT = absl::decay_t<T>, absl::enable_if_t<absl::conjunction< std::is_copy_constructible<VT>, std::is_constructible<VT, Args...>>::value>* = nullptr> explicit any(in_place_type_t<T> /*tag*/, Args&&... args) : obj_(new Obj<VT>(in_place, std::forward<Args>(args)...)) {} // Constructs an `absl::any` object with a "contained object" of the passed // type `VT` as a decayed type of `T`. `VT` is initialized as if // direct-non-list-initializing an object of type `VT` with the arguments // `initializer_list, std::forward<Args>(args)...`. template < typename T, typename U, typename... Args, typename VT = absl::decay_t<T>, absl::enable_if_t< absl::conjunction<std::is_copy_constructible<VT>, std::is_constructible<VT, std::initializer_list<U>&, Args...>>::value>* = nullptr> explicit any(in_place_type_t<T> /*tag*/, std::initializer_list<U> ilist, Args&&... args) : obj_(new Obj<VT>(in_place, ilist, std::forward<Args>(args)...)) {} // Assignment operators // Copy assigns an `absl::any` object with a "contained object" of the // passed type. any& operator=(const any& rhs) { any(rhs).swap(*this); return *this; } // Move assigns an `absl::any` object with a "contained object" of the // passed type. `rhs` is left in a valid but otherwise unspecified state. any& operator=(any&& rhs) noexcept { any(std::move(rhs)).swap(*this); return *this; } // Assigns an `absl::any` object with a "contained object" of the passed type. template <typename T, typename VT = absl::decay_t<T>, absl::enable_if_t<absl::conjunction< absl::negation<std::is_same<VT, any>>, std::is_copy_constructible<VT>>::value>* = nullptr> any& operator=(T&& rhs) { any tmp(in_place_type_t<VT>(), std::forward<T>(rhs)); tmp.swap(*this); return *this; } // Modifiers // any::emplace() // // Emplaces a value within an `absl::any` object by calling `any::reset()`, // initializing the contained value as if direct-non-list-initializing an // object of type `VT` with the arguments `std::forward<Args>(args)...`, and // returning a reference to the new contained value. // // Note: If an exception is thrown during the call to `VT`'s constructor, // `*this` does not contain a value, and any previously contained value has // been destroyed. template < typename T, typename... Args, typename VT = absl::decay_t<T>, absl::enable_if_t<std::is_copy_constructible<VT>::value && std::is_constructible<VT, Args...>::value>* = nullptr> VT& emplace(Args&&... args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND { reset(); // NOTE: reset() is required here even in the world of exceptions. Obj<VT>* const object_ptr = new Obj<VT>(in_place, std::forward<Args>(args)...); obj_ = std::unique_ptr<ObjInterface>(object_ptr); return object_ptr->value; } // Overload of `any::emplace()` to emplace a value within an `absl::any` // object by calling `any::reset()`, initializing the contained value as if // direct-non-list-initializing an object of type `VT` with the arguments // `initializer_list, std::forward<Args>(args)...`, and returning a reference // to the new contained value. // // Note: If an exception is thrown during the call to `VT`'s constructor, // `*this` does not contain a value, and any previously contained value has // been destroyed. The function shall not participate in overload resolution // unless `is_copy_constructible_v<VT>` is `true` and // `is_constructible_v<VT, initializer_list<U>&, Args...>` is `true`. template < typename T, typename U, typename... Args, typename VT = absl::decay_t<T>, absl::enable_if_t<std::is_copy_constructible<VT>::value && std::is_constructible<VT, std::initializer_list<U>&, Args...>::value>* = nullptr> VT& emplace(std::initializer_list<U> ilist, Args&&... args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND { reset(); // NOTE: reset() is required here even in the world of exceptions. Obj<VT>* const object_ptr = new Obj<VT>(in_place, ilist, std::forward<Args>(args)...); obj_ = std::unique_ptr<ObjInterface>(object_ptr); return object_ptr->value; } // any::reset() // // Resets the state of the `absl::any` object, destroying the contained object // if present. void reset() noexcept { obj_ = nullptr; } // any::swap() // // Swaps the passed value and the value of this `absl::any` object. void swap(any& other) noexcept { obj_.swap(other.obj_); } // Observers // any::has_value() // // Returns `true` if the `any` object has a contained value, otherwise // returns `false`. bool has_value() const noexcept { return obj_ != nullptr; } #ifdef ABSL_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI // Returns: typeid(T) if *this has a contained object of type T, otherwise // typeid(void). const std::type_info& type() const noexcept { if (has_value()) { return obj_->Type(); } return typeid(void); } #endif // ABSL_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI private: // Tagged type-erased abstraction for holding a cloneable object. class ObjInterface { public: virtual ~ObjInterface() = default; virtual std::unique_ptr<ObjInterface> Clone() const = 0; virtual const void* ObjTypeId() const noexcept = 0; #ifdef ABSL_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI virtual const std::type_info& Type() const noexcept = 0; #endif // ABSL_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI }; // Hold a value of some queryable type, with an ability to Clone it. template <typename T> class Obj : public ObjInterface { public: template <typename... Args> explicit Obj(in_place_t /*tag*/, Args&&... args) : value(std::forward<Args>(args)...) {} std::unique_ptr<ObjInterface> Clone() const final { return std::unique_ptr<ObjInterface>(new Obj(in_place, value)); } const void* ObjTypeId() const noexcept final { return IdForType<T>(); } #ifdef ABSL_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI const std::type_info& Type() const noexcept final { return typeid(T); } #endif // ABSL_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI T value; }; std::unique_ptr<ObjInterface> CloneObj() const { if (!obj_) return nullptr; return obj_->Clone(); } template <typename T> constexpr static const void* IdForType() { // Note: This type dance is to make the behavior consistent with typeid. using NormalizedType = typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type; return base_internal::FastTypeId<NormalizedType>(); } const void* GetObjTypeId() const { return obj_ ? obj_->ObjTypeId() : base_internal::FastTypeId<void>(); } // `absl::any` nonmember functions // // Description at the declaration site (top of file). template <typename ValueType> friend ValueType any_cast(const any& operand); // Description at the declaration site (top of file). template <typename ValueType> friend ValueType any_cast(any& operand); // NOLINT(runtime/references) // Description at the declaration site (top of file). template <typename T> friend const T* any_cast(const any* operand) noexcept; // Description at the declaration site (top of file). template <typename T> friend T* any_cast(any* operand) noexcept; std::unique_ptr<ObjInterface> obj_; }; // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Implementation Details // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- constexpr any::any() noexcept = default; template <typename T> struct any::IsInPlaceType : std::false_type {}; template <typename T> struct any::IsInPlaceType<in_place_type_t<T>> : std::true_type {}; inline void swap(any& x, any& y) noexcept { x.swap(y); } // Description at the declaration site (top of file). template <typename T, typename... Args> any make_any(Args&&... args) { return any(in_place_type_t<T>(), std::forward<Args>(args)...); } // Description at the declaration site (top of file). template <typename T, typename U, typename... Args> any make_any(std::initializer_list<U> il, Args&&... args) { return any(in_place_type_t<T>(), il, std::forward<Args>(args)...); } // Description at the declaration site (top of file). template <typename ValueType> ValueType any_cast(const any& operand) { using U = typename std::remove_cv< typename std::remove_reference<ValueType>::type>::type; static_assert(std::is_constructible<ValueType, const U&>::value, "Invalid ValueType"); auto* const result = (any_cast<U>)(&operand); if (result == nullptr) { any_internal::ThrowBadAnyCast(); } return static_cast<ValueType>(*result); } // Description at the declaration site (top of file). template <typename ValueType> ValueType any_cast(any& operand) { // NOLINT(runtime/references) using U = typename std::remove_cv< typename std::remove_reference<ValueType>::type>::type; static_assert(std::is_constructible<ValueType, U&>::value, "Invalid ValueType"); auto* result = (any_cast<U>)(&operand); if (result == nullptr) { any_internal::ThrowBadAnyCast(); } return static_cast<ValueType>(*result); } // Description at the declaration site (top of file). template <typename ValueType> ValueType any_cast(any&& operand) { using U = typename std::remove_cv< typename std::remove_reference<ValueType>::type>::type; static_assert(std::is_constructible<ValueType, U>::value, "Invalid ValueType"); return static_cast<ValueType>(std::move((any_cast<U&>)(operand))); } // Description at the declaration site (top of file). template <typename T> const T* any_cast(const any* operand) noexcept { using U = typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type; return operand && operand->GetObjTypeId() == any::IdForType<U>() ? std::addressof( static_cast<const any::Obj<U>*>(operand->obj_.get())->value) : nullptr; } // Description at the declaration site (top of file). template <typename T> T* any_cast(any* operand) noexcept { using U = typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type; return operand && operand->GetObjTypeId() == any::IdForType<U>() ? std::addressof( static_cast<any::Obj<U>*>(operand->obj_.get())->value) : nullptr; } ABSL_NAMESPACE_END } // namespace absl #endif // ABSL_USES_STD_ANY #endif // ABSL_TYPES_ANY_H_