:mod:`!codeop` --- Compile Python code
======================================
.. module:: codeop
:synopsis: Compile (possibly incomplete) Python code.
.. sectionauthor:: Moshe Zadka <[email protected]>
.. sectionauthor:: Michael Hudson <[email protected]>
**Source code:** :source:`Lib/codeop.py`
--------------
The :mod:`codeop` module provides utilities upon which the Python
read-eval-print loop can be emulated, as is done in the :mod:`code` module. As
a result, you probably don't want to use the module directly; if you want to
include such a loop in your program you probably want to use the :mod:`code`
module instead.
There are two parts to this job:
#. Being able to tell if a line of input completes a Python statement: in
short, telling whether to print '``>>>``' or '``...``' next.
#. Remembering which future statements the user has entered, so subsequent
input can be compiled with these in effect.
The :mod:`codeop` module provides a way of doing each of these things, and a way
of doing them both.
To do just the former:
.. function:: compile_command(source, filename="<input>", symbol="single")
Tries to compile *source*, which should be a string of Python code and return a
code object if *source* is valid Python code. In that case, the filename
attribute of the code object will be *filename*, which defaults to
``'<input>'``. Returns ``None`` if *source* is *not* valid Python code, but is a
prefix of valid Python code.
If there is a problem with *source*, an exception will be raised.
:exc:`SyntaxError` is raised if there is invalid Python syntax, and
:exc:`OverflowError` or :exc:`ValueError` if there is an invalid literal.
The *symbol* argument determines whether *source* is compiled as a statement
(``'single'``, the default), as a sequence of :term:`statement` (``'exec'``) or
as an :term:`expression` (``'eval'``). Any other value will
cause :exc:`ValueError` to be raised.
.. note::
It is possible (but not likely) that the parser stops parsing with a
successful outcome before reaching the end of the source; in this case,
trailing symbols may be ignored instead of causing an error. For example,
a backslash followed by two newlines may be followed by arbitrary garbage.
This will be fixed once the API for the parser is better.
.. class:: Compile()
Instances of this class have :meth:`~object.__call__` methods identical in signature to
the built-in function :func:`compile`, but with the difference that if the
instance compiles program text containing a :mod:`__future__` statement, the
instance 'remembers' and compiles all subsequent program texts with the
statement in force.
.. class:: CommandCompiler()
Instances of this class have :meth:`~object.__call__` methods identical in signature to
:func:`compile_command`; the difference is that if the instance compiles program
text containing a :mod:`__future__` statement, the instance 'remembers' and
compiles all subsequent program texts with the statement in force.
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