//===-- include/flang/Semantics/expression.h --------------------*- C++ -*-===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#ifndef FORTRAN_SEMANTICS_EXPRESSION_H_
#define FORTRAN_SEMANTICS_EXPRESSION_H_
#include "semantics.h"
#include "flang/Common/Fortran.h"
#include "flang/Common/indirection.h"
#include "flang/Common/restorer.h"
#include "flang/Common/visit.h"
#include "flang/Evaluate/characteristics.h"
#include "flang/Evaluate/check-expression.h"
#include "flang/Evaluate/expression.h"
#include "flang/Evaluate/fold.h"
#include "flang/Evaluate/tools.h"
#include "flang/Evaluate/type.h"
#include "flang/Parser/char-block.h"
#include "flang/Parser/parse-tree-visitor.h"
#include "flang/Parser/parse-tree.h"
#include "flang/Parser/tools.h"
#include <map>
#include <optional>
#include <type_traits>
#include <variant>
using namespace Fortran::parser::literals;
namespace Fortran::parser {
struct SourceLocationFindingVisitor {
template <typename A> bool Pre(const A &x) {
if constexpr (HasSource<A>::value) {
source.ExtendToCover(x.source);
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
template <typename A> void Post(const A &) {}
void Post(const CharBlock &at) { source.ExtendToCover(at); }
CharBlock source;
};
template <typename A> CharBlock FindSourceLocation(const A &x) {
SourceLocationFindingVisitor visitor;
Walk(x, visitor);
return visitor.source;
}
} // namespace Fortran::parser
using namespace Fortran::parser::literals;
// The expression semantic analysis code has its implementation in
// namespace Fortran::evaluate, but the exposed API to it is in the
// namespace Fortran::semantics (below).
//
// The ExpressionAnalyzer wraps a SemanticsContext reference
// and implements constraint checking on expressions using the
// parse tree node wrappers that mirror the grammar annotations used
// in the Fortran standard (i.e., scalar-, constant-, &c.).
namespace Fortran::evaluate {
class IntrinsicProcTable;
struct SetExprHelper {
explicit SetExprHelper(GenericExprWrapper &&expr) : expr_{std::move(expr)} {}
void Set(parser::TypedExpr &x) {
x.Reset(new GenericExprWrapper{std::move(expr_)},
evaluate::GenericExprWrapper::Deleter);
}
template <typename T> void Set(const common::Indirection<T> &x) {
Set(x.value());
}
template <typename T> void Set(const T &x) {
if constexpr (parser::HasTypedExpr<T>::value) {
Set(x.typedExpr);
} else if constexpr (ConstraintTrait<T>) {
Set(x.thing);
} else if constexpr (WrapperTrait<T>) {
Set(x.v);
}
}
GenericExprWrapper expr_;
};
template <typename T> void ResetExpr(const T &x) {
SetExprHelper{GenericExprWrapper{/* error indicator */}}.Set(x);
}
template <typename T> void SetExpr(const T &x, Expr<SomeType> &&expr) {
SetExprHelper{GenericExprWrapper{std::move(expr)}}.Set(x);
}
class ExpressionAnalyzer {
public:
using MaybeExpr = std::optional<Expr<SomeType>>;
explicit ExpressionAnalyzer(semantics::SemanticsContext &sc) : context_{sc} {}
ExpressionAnalyzer(semantics::SemanticsContext &sc, FoldingContext &fc)
: context_{sc}, foldingContext_{fc} {}
ExpressionAnalyzer(const ExpressionAnalyzer &) = default;
semantics::SemanticsContext &context() const { return context_; }
bool inWhereBody() const { return inWhereBody_; }
void set_inWhereBody(bool yes = true) { inWhereBody_ = yes; }
bool inDataStmtObject() const { return inDataStmtObject_; }
void set_inDataStmtObject(bool yes = true) { inDataStmtObject_ = yes; }
FoldingContext &GetFoldingContext() const { return foldingContext_; }
parser::ContextualMessages &GetContextualMessages() {
return foldingContext_.messages();
}
template <typename... A> parser::Message *Say(A &&...args) {
return GetContextualMessages().Say(std::forward<A>(args)...);
}
template <typename FeatureOrUsageWarning, typename... A>
parser::Message *Warn(
FeatureOrUsageWarning warning, parser::CharBlock at, A &&...args) {
return context_.Warn(warning, at, std::forward<A>(args)...);
}
template <typename FeatureOrUsageWarning, typename... A>
parser::Message *Warn(FeatureOrUsageWarning warning, A &&...args) {
return Warn(
warning, GetContextualMessages().at(), std::forward<A>(args)...);
}
template <typename T, typename... A>
parser::Message *SayAt(const T &parsed, A &&...args) {
return Say(parser::FindSourceLocation(parsed), std::forward<A>(args)...);
}
int GetDefaultKind(common::TypeCategory);
DynamicType GetDefaultKindOfType(common::TypeCategory);
// Return false and emit error if these checks fail:
bool CheckIntrinsicKind(TypeCategory, std::int64_t kind);
bool CheckIntrinsicSize(TypeCategory, std::int64_t size);
// Manage a set of active implied DO loops.
bool AddImpliedDo(parser::CharBlock, int kind);
void RemoveImpliedDo(parser::CharBlock);
// When the argument is the name of an active implied DO index, returns
// its INTEGER kind type parameter.
std::optional<int> IsImpliedDo(parser::CharBlock) const;
common::Restorer<bool> DoNotUseSavedTypedExprs() {
return common::ScopedSet(useSavedTypedExprs_, false);
}
Expr<SubscriptInteger> AnalyzeKindSelector(common::TypeCategory category,
const std::optional<parser::KindSelector> &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Variable &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Selector &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Designator &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::DataStmtValue &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::AllocateObject &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::PointerObject &);
template <typename A> MaybeExpr Analyze(const common::Indirection<A> &x) {
return Analyze(x.value());
}
template <typename A> MaybeExpr Analyze(const std::optional<A> &x) {
if (x) {
return Analyze(*x);
} else {
return std::nullopt;
}
}
// Implement constraint-checking wrappers from the Fortran grammar.
template <typename A> MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Scalar<A> &x) {
auto result{Analyze(x.thing)};
if (result) {
if (int rank{result->Rank()}; rank != 0) {
SayAt(x, "Must be a scalar value, but is a rank-%d array"_err_en_US,
rank);
ResetExpr(x);
return std::nullopt;
}
}
return result;
}
template <typename A> MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Constant<A> &x) {
auto restorer{
GetFoldingContext().messages().SetLocation(FindSourceLocation(x))};
auto result{Analyze(x.thing)};
if (result) {
*result = Fold(std::move(*result));
if (!IsConstantExpr(*result)) { // C886, C887, C713
SayAt(x, "Must be a constant value"_err_en_US);
ResetExpr(x);
return std::nullopt;
} else {
// Save folded expression for later use
SetExpr(x, common::Clone(*result));
}
}
return result;
}
template <typename A> MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Integer<A> &x) {
auto result{Analyze(x.thing)};
if (!EnforceTypeConstraint(
parser::FindSourceLocation(x), result, TypeCategory::Integer)) {
ResetExpr(x);
return std::nullopt;
}
return result;
}
template <typename A> MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Logical<A> &x) {
auto result{Analyze(x.thing)};
if (!EnforceTypeConstraint(
parser::FindSourceLocation(x), result, TypeCategory::Logical)) {
ResetExpr(x);
return std::nullopt;
}
return result;
}
template <typename A> MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::DefaultChar<A> &x) {
auto result{Analyze(x.thing)};
if (!EnforceTypeConstraint(parser::FindSourceLocation(x), result,
TypeCategory::Character, true /* default kind */)) {
ResetExpr(x);
return std::nullopt;
}
return result;
}
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Name &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::DataRef &dr) {
return Analyze<parser::DataRef>(dr);
}
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::StructureComponent &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::SignedIntLiteralConstant &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::SignedRealLiteralConstant &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::SignedComplexLiteralConstant &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::StructureConstructor &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::InitialDataTarget &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::NullInit &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::StmtFunctionStmt &);
void Analyze(const parser::CallStmt &);
const Assignment *Analyze(const parser::AssignmentStmt &);
const Assignment *Analyze(const parser::PointerAssignmentStmt &);
// Builds a typed Designator from an untyped DataRef
MaybeExpr Designate(DataRef &&);
protected:
int IntegerTypeSpecKind(const parser::IntegerTypeSpec &);
private:
// Allows a whole assumed-size array to appear for the lifetime of
// the returned value.
common::Restorer<bool> AllowWholeAssumedSizeArray() {
return common::ScopedSet(isWholeAssumedSizeArrayOk_, true);
}
// Allows an Expr to be a null pointer.
common::Restorer<bool> AllowNullPointer() {
return common::ScopedSet(isNullPointerOk_, true);
}
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::IntLiteralConstant &, bool negated = false);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::RealLiteralConstant &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::ComplexPart &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::ComplexLiteralConstant &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::LogicalLiteralConstant &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::CharLiteralConstant &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::HollerithLiteralConstant &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::BOZLiteralConstant &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::NamedConstant &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::DataStmtConstant &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Substring &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::ArrayElement &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::CoindexedNamedObject &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::CharLiteralConstantSubstring &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::SubstringInquiry &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::ArrayConstructor &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::FunctionReference &,
std::optional<parser::StructureConstructor> * = nullptr);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::Parentheses &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::UnaryPlus &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::Negate &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::NOT &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::PercentLoc &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::DefinedUnary &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::Power &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::Multiply &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::Divide &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::Add &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::Subtract &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::ComplexConstructor &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::Concat &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::LT &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::LE &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::EQ &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::NE &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::GE &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::GT &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::AND &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::OR &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::EQV &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::NEQV &);
MaybeExpr Analyze(const parser::Expr::DefinedBinary &);
template <typename A> MaybeExpr Analyze(const A &x) {
return Analyze(x.u); // default case
}
template <typename... As> MaybeExpr Analyze(const std::variant<As...> &u) {
return common::visit([&](const auto &x) { return Analyze(x); }, u);
}
// Analysis subroutines
int AnalyzeKindParam(
const std::optional<parser::KindParam> &, int defaultKind);
template <typename PARSED>
MaybeExpr ExprOrVariable(const PARSED &, parser::CharBlock source);
template <typename PARSED>
MaybeExpr IntLiteralConstant(const PARSED &, bool negated = false);
MaybeExpr AnalyzeString(std::string &&, int kind);
std::optional<Expr<SubscriptInteger>> AsSubscript(MaybeExpr &&);
std::optional<Expr<SubscriptInteger>> TripletPart(
const std::optional<parser::Subscript> &);
std::optional<Subscript> AnalyzeSectionSubscript(
const parser::SectionSubscript &);
std::vector<Subscript> AnalyzeSectionSubscripts(
const std::list<parser::SectionSubscript> &);
std::optional<Component> CreateComponent(DataRef &&, const Symbol &,
const semantics::Scope &, bool C919bAlreadyEnforced = false);
MaybeExpr CompleteSubscripts(ArrayRef &&);
MaybeExpr ApplySubscripts(DataRef &&, std::vector<Subscript> &&);
void CheckSubscripts(ArrayRef &);
bool CheckRanks(const DataRef &); // Return false if error exists.
bool CheckPolymorphic(const DataRef &); // ditto
bool CheckDataRef(const DataRef &); // ditto
std::optional<Expr<SubscriptInteger>> GetSubstringBound(
const std::optional<parser::ScalarIntExpr> &);
MaybeExpr AnalyzeDefinedOp(const parser::Name &, ActualArguments &&);
MaybeExpr FixMisparsedSubstring(const parser::Designator &);
struct CalleeAndArguments {
// A non-component function reference may constitute a misparsed
// structure constructor, in which case its derived type's Symbol
// will appear here.
std::variant<ProcedureDesignator, SymbolRef> u;
ActualArguments arguments;
};
std::optional<CalleeAndArguments> AnalyzeProcedureComponentRef(
const parser::ProcComponentRef &, ActualArguments &&, bool isSubroutine);
std::optional<characteristics::Procedure> CheckCall(
parser::CharBlock, const ProcedureDesignator &, ActualArguments &);
using AdjustActuals =
std::optional<std::function<bool(const Symbol &, ActualArguments &)>>;
const Symbol *ResolveForward(const Symbol &);
std::pair<const Symbol *, bool /* failure due ambiguity */> ResolveGeneric(
const Symbol &, const ActualArguments &, const AdjustActuals &,
bool isSubroutine, bool mightBeStructureConstructor = false);
void EmitGenericResolutionError(
const Symbol &, bool dueToNullActuals, bool isSubroutine);
const Symbol &AccessSpecific(
const Symbol &originalGeneric, const Symbol &specific);
std::optional<CalleeAndArguments> GetCalleeAndArguments(const parser::Name &,
ActualArguments &&, bool isSubroutine = false,
bool mightBeStructureConstructor = false);
std::optional<CalleeAndArguments> GetCalleeAndArguments(
const parser::ProcedureDesignator &, ActualArguments &&,
bool isSubroutine, bool mightBeStructureConstructor = false);
void CheckBadExplicitType(const SpecificCall &, const Symbol &);
void CheckForBadRecursion(parser::CharBlock, const semantics::Symbol &);
bool EnforceTypeConstraint(parser::CharBlock, const MaybeExpr &, TypeCategory,
bool defaultKind = false);
MaybeExpr MakeFunctionRef(
parser::CharBlock, ProcedureDesignator &&, ActualArguments &&);
MaybeExpr MakeFunctionRef(parser::CharBlock intrinsic, ActualArguments &&);
template <typename T> T Fold(T &&expr) {
return evaluate::Fold(foldingContext_, std::move(expr));
}
bool CheckIsValidForwardReference(const semantics::DerivedTypeSpec &);
MaybeExpr AnalyzeComplex(MaybeExpr &&re, MaybeExpr &&im, const char *what);
std::optional<Chevrons> AnalyzeChevrons(const parser::CallStmt &);
MaybeExpr IterativelyAnalyzeSubexpressions(const parser::Expr &);
semantics::SemanticsContext &context_;
FoldingContext &foldingContext_{context_.foldingContext()};
std::map<parser::CharBlock, int> impliedDos_; // values are INTEGER kinds
std::map<parser::CharBlock,
std::pair<parser::CharBlock, evaluate::characteristics::Procedure>>
implicitInterfaces_;
bool isWholeAssumedSizeArrayOk_{false};
bool isNullPointerOk_{false};
bool useSavedTypedExprs_{true};
bool inWhereBody_{false};
bool inDataStmtObject_{false};
bool inDataStmtConstant_{false};
bool inStmtFunctionDefinition_{false};
bool iterativelyAnalyzingSubexpressions_{false};
friend class ArgumentAnalyzer;
};
inline bool AreConformable(int leftRank, int rightRank) {
return leftRank == 0 || rightRank == 0 || leftRank == rightRank;
}
template <typename L, typename R>
bool AreConformable(const L &left, const R &right) {
return AreConformable(left.Rank(), right.Rank());
}
template <typename L, typename R>
void ConformabilityCheck(
parser::ContextualMessages &context, const L &left, const R &right) {
if (!AreConformable(left, right)) {
context.Say("left operand has rank %d, right operand has rank %d"_err_en_US,
left.Rank(), right.Rank());
}
}
} // namespace Fortran::evaluate
namespace Fortran::semantics {
// Semantic analysis of one expression, variable, selector, designator, &c.
template <typename A>
std::optional<evaluate::Expr<evaluate::SomeType>> AnalyzeExpr(
SemanticsContext &context, const A &expr) {
return evaluate::ExpressionAnalyzer{context}.Analyze(expr);
}
// Semantic analysis of an intrinsic type's KIND parameter expression.
evaluate::Expr<evaluate::SubscriptInteger> AnalyzeKindSelector(
SemanticsContext &, common::TypeCategory,
const std::optional<parser::KindSelector> &);
// Semantic analysis of all expressions in a parse tree, which becomes
// decorated with typed representations for top-level expressions.
class ExprChecker {
public:
explicit ExprChecker(SemanticsContext &);
template <typename A> bool Pre(const A &) { return true; }
template <typename A> void Post(const A &) {}
bool Walk(const parser::Program &);
bool Pre(const parser::Expr &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
bool Pre(const parser::Variable &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
bool Pre(const parser::Selector &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
bool Pre(const parser::DataStmtValue &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
bool Pre(const parser::AllocateObject &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
bool Pre(const parser::PointerObject &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
bool Pre(const parser::DataStmtObject &);
void Post(const parser::DataStmtObject &);
bool Pre(const parser::DataImpliedDo &);
bool Pre(const parser::CallStmt &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
bool Pre(const parser::AssignmentStmt &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
bool Pre(const parser::PointerAssignmentStmt &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
// Track whether we're in a WHERE statement or construct body
bool Pre(const parser::WhereStmt &) {
++whereDepth_;
exprAnalyzer_.set_inWhereBody(InWhereBody());
return true;
}
void Post(const parser::WhereStmt &) {
--whereDepth_;
exprAnalyzer_.set_inWhereBody(InWhereBody());
}
bool Pre(const parser::WhereBodyConstruct &) {
++whereDepth_;
exprAnalyzer_.set_inWhereBody(InWhereBody());
return true;
}
void Post(const parser::WhereBodyConstruct &) {
--whereDepth_;
exprAnalyzer_.set_inWhereBody(InWhereBody());
}
bool Pre(const parser::ComponentDefStmt &) {
inComponentDefStmt_ = true;
return true;
}
void Post(const parser::ComponentDefStmt &) { inComponentDefStmt_ = false; }
bool Pre(const parser::Initialization &x) {
// Default component initialization expressions (but not DATA-like ones
// as in DEC STRUCTUREs) were already analyzed in name resolution
// and PDT instantiation; do not attempt to re-analyze them without
// type parameters.
return !inComponentDefStmt_ ||
std::holds_alternative<
std::list<common::Indirection<parser::DataStmtValue>>>(x.u);
}
template <typename A> bool Pre(const parser::Scalar<A> &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
template <typename A> bool Pre(const parser::Constant<A> &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
template <typename A> bool Pre(const parser::Integer<A> &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
template <typename A> bool Pre(const parser::Logical<A> &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
template <typename A> bool Pre(const parser::DefaultChar<A> &x) {
exprAnalyzer_.Analyze(x);
return false;
}
private:
bool InWhereBody() const { return whereDepth_ > 0; }
SemanticsContext &context_;
evaluate::ExpressionAnalyzer exprAnalyzer_{context_};
int whereDepth_{0}; // nesting of WHERE statements & constructs
bool inComponentDefStmt_{false};
};
} // namespace Fortran::semantics
#endif // FORTRAN_SEMANTICS_EXPRESSION_H_
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