llvm/libcxx/test/std/strings/basic.string/string.modifiers/string_insert/size_T_size_size.pass.cpp

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

// <string>

// template <class T>
//    basic_string& assign(size_type pos1, const T& t, size_type pos2, size_type n=npos); // C++17, constexpr since C++20
//
//  Mostly we're testing string_view here

#include <string>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <cassert>

#include "test_macros.h"
#include "min_allocator.h"

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void
test(S s, typename S::size_type pos1, SV sv, typename S::size_type pos2, typename S::size_type n, S expected) {
  static_assert((!std::is_same<S, SV>::value), "");
  const typename S::size_type old_size = s.size();
  S s0                                 = s;
  if (pos1 <= old_size && pos2 <= sv.size()) {
    s.insert(pos1, sv, pos2, n);
    LIBCPP_ASSERT(s.__invariants());
    assert(s == expected);
  }
#ifndef TEST_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  else if (!TEST_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED) {
    try {
      s.insert(pos1, sv, pos2, n);
      assert(false);
    } catch (std::out_of_range&) {
      assert(pos1 > old_size || pos2 > sv.size());
      assert(s == s0);
    }
  }
#endif
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test_npos(S s, typename S::size_type pos1, SV sv, typename S::size_type pos2, S expected) {
  static_assert((!std::is_same<S, SV>::value), "");
  const typename S::size_type old_size = s.size();
  S s0                                 = s;
  if (pos1 <= old_size && pos2 <= sv.size()) {
    s.insert(pos1, sv, pos2);
    LIBCPP_ASSERT(s.__invariants());
    assert(s == expected);
  }
#ifndef TEST_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  else if (!TEST_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED) {
    try {
      s.insert(pos1, sv, pos2);
      assert(false);
    } catch (std::out_of_range&) {
      assert(pos1 > old_size || pos2 > sv.size());
      assert(s == s0);
    }
  }
#endif
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test0() {
  test(S(""), 0, SV(""), 0, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV(""), 0, 1, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("1"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("12"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("1234"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("12345"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("12345"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("2"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("23"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("234"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("2345"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("2345"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("3"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("34"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("345"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("345"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("5"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("5"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("1"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("12345"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("123456789"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("1234567890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("1234567890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("2"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("2345"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("23456789"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("234567890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("234567890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("6"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("67"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("6789"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("67890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("67890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("0"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("0"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test1() {
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("1"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("1234567890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("1234567890123456789"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("12345678901234567890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("12345678901234567890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("2"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("234567890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("234567890123456789"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("2345678901234567890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("2345678901234567890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("1"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("12345"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("123456789"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("1234567890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("1234567890"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("0"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("0"));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S(""));
  test(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV(""), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV(""), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test2() {
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S(""), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcde"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test3() {
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("1abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("12abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("1234abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("12345abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("12345abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("2abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("23abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("234abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("2345abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("2345abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("3abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("34abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("345abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("345abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("5abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("5abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("1abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("12345abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("123456789abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("1234567890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("1234567890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("2abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("2345abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("23456789abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("234567890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("234567890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("6abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("67abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("6789abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("67890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("67890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("0abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("0abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("1abcde"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test4() {
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("1234567890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("1234567890123456789abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("12345678901234567890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("12345678901234567890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("2abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("234567890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("234567890123456789abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("2345678901234567890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("2345678901234567890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("1abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("12345abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("123456789abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("1234567890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("1234567890abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("0abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("0abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("a1bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("a12bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("a1234bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("a12345bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("a12345bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("a2bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("a23bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("a234bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("a2345bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("a2345bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("a3bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("a34bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("a345bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("a345bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("a5bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("a5bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("a1bcde"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test5() {
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("a12345bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("a123456789bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("a1234567890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("a1234567890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("a2bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("a2345bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("a23456789bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("a234567890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("a234567890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("a6bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("a67bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("a6789bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("a67890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("a67890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("a0bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("a0bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("a1bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("a1234567890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("a1234567890123456789bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("a12345678901234567890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("a12345678901234567890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("a2bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("a234567890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("a234567890123456789bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("a2345678901234567890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("a2345678901234567890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("a1bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("a12345bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("a123456789bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("a1234567890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("a1234567890bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("a0bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("a0bcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test6() {
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("ab1cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("ab12cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("ab1234cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("ab12345cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("ab12345cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("ab2cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("ab23cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("ab234cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("ab2345cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("ab2345cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("ab3cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("ab34cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("ab345cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("ab345cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("ab5cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("ab5cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("ab1cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("ab12345cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("ab123456789cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("ab1234567890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("ab1234567890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("ab2cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("ab2345cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("ab23456789cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("ab234567890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("ab234567890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("ab6cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("ab67cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("ab6789cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("ab67890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("ab67890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("ab0cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("ab0cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("ab1cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("ab1234567890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("ab1234567890123456789cde"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test7() {
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("ab12345678901234567890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("ab12345678901234567890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("ab2cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("ab234567890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("ab234567890123456789cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("ab2345678901234567890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("ab2345678901234567890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("ab1cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("ab12345cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("ab123456789cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("ab1234567890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("ab1234567890cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("ab0cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("ab0cde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 2, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("abcd1e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("abcd12e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("abcd1234e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("abcd12345e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("abcd12345e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("abcd2e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("abcd23e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("abcd234e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("abcd2345e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("abcd2345e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("abcd3e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("abcd34e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("abcd345e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("abcd345e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("abcd5e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("abcd5e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcd1e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("abcd12345e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("abcd123456789e"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test8() {
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcd1234567890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("abcd1234567890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcd2e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("abcd2345e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("abcd23456789e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcd234567890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("abcd234567890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("abcd6e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("abcd67e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("abcd6789e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("abcd67890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("abcd67890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("abcd0e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("abcd0e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcd1e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcd1234567890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("abcd1234567890123456789e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("abcd12345678901234567890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("abcd12345678901234567890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcd2e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcd234567890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("abcd234567890123456789e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("abcd2345678901234567890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("abcd2345678901234567890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcd1e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("abcd12345e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("abcd123456789e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("abcd1234567890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("abcd1234567890e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("abcd0e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("abcd0e"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 4, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("abcde1"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("abcde12"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test9() {
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("abcde1234"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("abcde12345"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("abcde12345"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("abcde2"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("abcde23"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("abcde234"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("abcde2345"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("abcde2345"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("abcde3"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("abcde34"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("abcde345"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("abcde345"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("abcde5"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("abcde5"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcde1"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("abcde12345"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("abcde123456789"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcde1234567890"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("abcde1234567890"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcde2"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("abcde2345"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("abcde23456789"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcde234567890"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("abcde234567890"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("abcde6"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("abcde67"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("abcde6789"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("abcde67890"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("abcde67890"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("abcde0"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("abcde0"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcde1"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcde1234567890"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("abcde1234567890123456789"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("abcde12345678901234567890"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("abcde12345678901234567890"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test10() {
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcde2"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcde234567890"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("abcde234567890123456789"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("abcde2345678901234567890"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("abcde2345678901234567890"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcde1"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("abcde12345"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("abcde123456789"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("abcde1234567890"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("abcde1234567890"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("abcde0"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("abcde0"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcde"));
  test(S("abcde"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV(""), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV(""), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("can't happen"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test11() {
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcde"), 6, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("1abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("12abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("1234abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("12345abcdefghij"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test12() {
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("12345abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("2abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("23abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("234abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("2345abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("2345abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("3abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("34abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("345abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("345abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("5abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("5abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("1abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("12345abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("123456789abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("1234567890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("1234567890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("2abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("2345abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("23456789abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("234567890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("234567890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("6abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("67abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("6789abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("67890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("67890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("0abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("0abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("1abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("1234567890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("1234567890123456789abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("12345678901234567890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("12345678901234567890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("2abcdefghij"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test13() {
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("234567890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("234567890123456789abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("2345678901234567890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("2345678901234567890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("1abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("12345abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("123456789abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("1234567890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("1234567890abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("0abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("0abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("a1bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("a12bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("a1234bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("a12345bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("a12345bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("a2bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("a23bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("a234bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("a2345bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("a2345bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("a3bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("a34bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("a345bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("a345bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("a5bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("a5bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("a1bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("a12345bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("a123456789bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("a1234567890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("a1234567890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("a2bcdefghij"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test14() {
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("a2345bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("a23456789bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("a234567890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("a234567890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("a6bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("a67bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("a6789bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("a67890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("a67890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("a0bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("a0bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("a1bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("a1234567890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("a1234567890123456789bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("a12345678901234567890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("a12345678901234567890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("a2bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("a234567890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("a234567890123456789bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("a2345678901234567890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("a2345678901234567890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("a1bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("a12345bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("a123456789bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("a1234567890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("a1234567890bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("a0bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("a0bcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("abcde1fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("abcde12fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("abcde1234fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("abcde12345fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("abcde12345fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test15() {
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("abcde2fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("abcde23fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("abcde234fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("abcde2345fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("abcde2345fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("abcde3fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("abcde34fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("abcde345fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("abcde345fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("abcde5fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("abcde5fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcde1fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("abcde12345fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("abcde123456789fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcde1234567890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("abcde1234567890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcde2fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("abcde2345fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("abcde23456789fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcde234567890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("abcde234567890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("abcde6fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("abcde67fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("abcde6789fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("abcde67890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("abcde67890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("abcde0fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("abcde0fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcde1fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcde1234567890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("abcde1234567890123456789fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("abcde12345678901234567890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("abcde12345678901234567890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcde2fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcde234567890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("abcde234567890123456789fghij"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test16() {
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("abcde2345678901234567890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("abcde2345678901234567890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcde1fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("abcde12345fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("abcde123456789fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("abcde1234567890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("abcde1234567890fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("abcde0fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("abcde0fghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 5, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghi1j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("abcdefghi12j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("abcdefghi1234j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("abcdefghi12345j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("abcdefghi12345j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghi2j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("abcdefghi23j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("abcdefghi234j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("abcdefghi2345j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("abcdefghi2345j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("abcdefghi3j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("abcdefghi34j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("abcdefghi345j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("abcdefghi345j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("abcdefghi5j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("abcdefghi5j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghi1j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("abcdefghi12345j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("abcdefghi123456789j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcdefghi1234567890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("abcdefghi1234567890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghi2j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("abcdefghi2345j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("abcdefghi23456789j"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test17() {
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcdefghi234567890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("abcdefghi234567890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghi6j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("abcdefghi67j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("abcdefghi6789j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("abcdefghi67890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("abcdefghi67890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("abcdefghi0j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("abcdefghi0j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghi1j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcdefghi1234567890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("abcdefghi1234567890123456789j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("abcdefghi12345678901234567890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("abcdefghi12345678901234567890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghi2j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcdefghi234567890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("abcdefghi234567890123456789j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("abcdefghi2345678901234567890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("abcdefghi2345678901234567890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghi1j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("abcdefghi12345j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("abcdefghi123456789j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("abcdefghi1234567890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("abcdefghi1234567890j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("abcdefghi0j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("abcdefghi0j"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 9, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghij1"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("abcdefghij12"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("abcdefghij1234"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("abcdefghij12345"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("abcdefghij12345"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghij2"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("abcdefghij23"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test18() {
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("abcdefghij234"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("abcdefghij2345"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("abcdefghij2345"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("abcdefghij3"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("abcdefghij34"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("abcdefghij345"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("abcdefghij345"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("abcdefghij5"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("abcdefghij5"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghij1"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("abcdefghij12345"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("abcdefghij123456789"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcdefghij1234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("abcdefghij1234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghij2"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("abcdefghij2345"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("abcdefghij23456789"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcdefghij234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("abcdefghij234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghij6"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("abcdefghij67"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("abcdefghij6789"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("abcdefghij67890"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("abcdefghij67890"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("abcdefghij0"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("abcdefghij0"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghij1"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcdefghij1234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("abcdefghij1234567890123456789"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("abcdefghij12345678901234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("abcdefghij12345678901234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghij2"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcdefghij234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("abcdefghij234567890123456789"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("abcdefghij2345678901234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("abcdefghij2345678901234567890"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test19() {
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghij1"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("abcdefghij12345"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("abcdefghij123456789"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("abcdefghij1234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("abcdefghij1234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("abcdefghij0"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("abcdefghij0"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcdefghij"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV(""), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV(""), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("can't happen"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test20() {
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghij"), 11, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("1abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("12abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("1234abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("12345abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("12345abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("2abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("23abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("234abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("2345abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test21() {
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("2345abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("3abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("34abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("345abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("345abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("5abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("5abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("1abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("12345abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("2abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("2345abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("23456789abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("6abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("67abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("6789abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("67890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("67890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("0abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("0abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("1abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("1234567890123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("12345678901234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("12345678901234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("2abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("234567890123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("2345678901234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("2345678901234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("1abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test22() {
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("12345abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("0abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("0abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("a1bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("a12bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("a1234bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("a12345bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("a12345bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("a2bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("a23bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("a234bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("a2345bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("a2345bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("a3bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("a34bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("a345bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("a345bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("a5bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("a5bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("a1bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("a12345bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("a123456789bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("a1234567890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("a1234567890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("a2bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("a2345bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("a23456789bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("a234567890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("a234567890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("a6bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test23() {
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("a67bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("a6789bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("a67890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("a67890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("a0bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("a0bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("a1bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("a1234567890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("a1234567890123456789bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("a12345678901234567890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("a12345678901234567890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("a2bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("a234567890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("a234567890123456789bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("a2345678901234567890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("a2345678901234567890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("a1bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("a12345bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("a123456789bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("a1234567890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("a1234567890bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("a0bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("a0bcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 1, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghij1klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("abcdefghij12klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("abcdefghij1234klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("abcdefghij12345klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("abcdefghij12345klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghij2klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("abcdefghij23klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("abcdefghij234klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("abcdefghij2345klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("abcdefghij2345klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test24() {
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("abcdefghij3klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("abcdefghij34klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("abcdefghij345klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("abcdefghij345klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("abcdefghij5klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("abcdefghij5klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghij1klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("abcdefghij12345klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("abcdefghij123456789klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcdefghij1234567890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("abcdefghij1234567890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghij2klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("abcdefghij2345klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("abcdefghij23456789klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcdefghij234567890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("abcdefghij234567890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghij6klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("abcdefghij67klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("abcdefghij6789klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("abcdefghij67890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("abcdefghij67890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("abcdefghij0klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("abcdefghij0klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghij1klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcdefghij1234567890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("abcdefghij1234567890123456789klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("abcdefghij12345678901234567890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("abcdefghij12345678901234567890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghij2klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcdefghij234567890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("abcdefghij234567890123456789klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("abcdefghij2345678901234567890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("abcdefghij2345678901234567890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghij1klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("abcdefghij12345klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("abcdefghij123456789klmnopqrst"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test25() {
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("abcdefghij1234567890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("abcdefghij1234567890klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("abcdefghij0klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("abcdefghij0klmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs1t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs12t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs1234t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs12345t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs12345t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs2t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs23t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs234t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs2345t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs2345t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs3t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs34t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs345t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs345t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs5t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs5t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs1t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs12345t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs123456789t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs1234567890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs1234567890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs2t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs2345t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs23456789t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs234567890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs234567890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs6t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs67t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs6789t"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test26() {
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs67890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs67890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs0t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs0t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs1t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs1234567890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs1234567890123456789t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs12345678901234567890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs12345678901234567890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs2t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs234567890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs234567890123456789t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs2345678901234567890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs2345678901234567890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs1t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs12345t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs123456789t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs1234567890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs1234567890t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs0t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrs0t"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 19, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV(""), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV(""), 0, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst1"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst12"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst1234"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst12345"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst12345"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst2"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst23"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst234"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst2345"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst2345"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst3"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst34"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test27() {
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst345"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst345"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst5"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst5"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst1"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst12345"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst123456789"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst1234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst1234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst2"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst2345"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst23456789"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst6"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst67"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst6789"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst67890"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst67890"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst0"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst0"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst1"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst1234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst1234567890123456789"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst12345678901234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst12345678901234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst2"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst234567890123456789"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst2345678901234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst2345678901234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst1"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst12345"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst123456789"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst1234567890"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst1234567890"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test28() {
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst0"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst0"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 20, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV(""), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV(""), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV(""), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 0, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 0, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 0, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 0, 6, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 1, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 1, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 1, 3, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 1, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 1, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 2, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 2, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 2, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 2, 3, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 2, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 4, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 4, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 4, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 5, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 5, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345"), 6, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 0, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 0, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 0, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 0, 11, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 1, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 1, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 1, 8, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 1, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 1, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 5, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 5, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 5, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 5, 4, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 5, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 5, 6, S("can't happen"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test29() {
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 9, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 9, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 9, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 10, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 10, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("1234567890"), 11, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 19, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 20, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, 21, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 18, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 19, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, 20, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 5, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 9, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 10, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, 11, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 19, 2, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 0, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 20, 1, S("can't happen"));
  test(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 21, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, 0, S("can't happen"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test30() {
  test_npos(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 0, S("12345678901234567890"));
  test_npos(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 1, S("2345678901234567890"));
  test_npos(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 2, S("345678901234567890"));
  test_npos(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 3, S("45678901234567890"));
  test_npos(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 5, S("678901234567890"));
  test_npos(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 10, S("1234567890"));
  test_npos(S(""), 0, SV("12345678901234567890"), 21, S("can't happen"));
  test_npos(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 0, S("abcdefghij12345klmnopqrst"));
  test_npos(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 1, S("abcdefghij2345klmnopqrst"));
  test_npos(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 3, S("abcdefghij45klmnopqrst"));
  test_npos(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 5, S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"));
  test_npos(S("abcdefghijklmnopqrst"), 10, SV("12345"), 6, S("can't happen"));

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test31() {
  S s;
  SV sv      = "EFGH";
  char arr[] = "IJKL";

  s.insert(0, "CDEF", 0); // calls insert(const char *, len)
  assert(s == "");
  s.clear();

  s.insert(0, "QRST", 0, std::string::npos); // calls insert(string("QRST"), pos, npos)
  assert(s == "QRST");
  s.clear();

  s.insert(0, sv, 0); // calls insert(T, pos, npos)
  assert(s == sv);
  s.clear();

  s.insert(0, sv, 0, std::string::npos); // calls insert(T, pos, npos)
  assert(s == sv);
  s.clear();

  s.insert(0, arr, 0); // calls insert(const char *, len)
  assert(s == "");
  s.clear();

  s.insert(0, arr, 0, std::string::npos); // calls insert(string("IJKL"), pos, npos)
  assert(s == "IJKL");
  s.clear();

  s.insert(0, arr, 0); // calls insert(const char *, len)
  assert(s == "");
  s.clear();

  return true;
}

template <class S, class SV>
void test() {
  test0<S, SV>();
  test1<S, SV>();
  test2<S, SV>();
  test3<S, SV>();
  test4<S, SV>();
  test5<S, SV>();
  test6<S, SV>();
  test7<S, SV>();
  test8<S, SV>();
  test9<S, SV>();
  test10<S, SV>();
  test11<S, SV>();
  test12<S, SV>();
  test13<S, SV>();
  test14<S, SV>();
  test15<S, SV>();
  test16<S, SV>();
  test17<S, SV>();
  test18<S, SV>();
  test19<S, SV>();
  test20<S, SV>();
  test21<S, SV>();
  test22<S, SV>();
  test23<S, SV>();
  test24<S, SV>();
  test25<S, SV>();
  test26<S, SV>();
  test27<S, SV>();
  test28<S, SV>();
  test29<S, SV>();
  test30<S, SV>();
  test31<S, SV>();

#if TEST_STD_VER > 17
  static_assert(test0<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test1<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test2<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test3<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test4<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test5<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test6<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test7<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test8<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test9<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test10<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test11<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test12<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test13<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test14<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test15<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test16<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test17<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test18<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test19<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test20<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test21<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test22<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test23<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test24<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test25<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test26<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test27<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test28<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test29<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test30<S, SV>());
  static_assert(test31<S, SV>());
#endif
}

int main(int, char**) {
  test<std::string, std::string_view>();
#if TEST_STD_VER >= 11
  test<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, min_allocator<char>>,
       std::basic_string_view<char, std::char_traits<char>>>();
#endif

  return 0;
}